Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2019, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1053-1064.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-019-00935-x
Special Issue: 2019年腐蚀专辑-2
• Orginal Article • Next Articles
Chao Xiang1,2, Zhi-Ming Zhang2, Hua-Meng Fu3, En-Hou Han2(), Jian-Qiu Wang2, Hai-Feng Zhang3, Guo-Dong Hu3,4
Received:
2019-04-19
Revised:
2019-05-20
Online:
2019-09-10
Published:
2019-08-06
Chao Xiang, Zhi-Ming Zhang, Hua-Meng Fu, En-Hou Han, Jian-Qiu Wang, Hai-Feng Zhang, Guo-Dong Hu. Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Behavior of MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi High-Entropy Alloys[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(9): 1053-1064.
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Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | V |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.9 | 21.0 | 20.5 | 18.7 | 19.9 |
BCC | 31.0 | 21.3 | 11.0 | 16.0 | 20.7 |
Laves | 11.2 | 24.1 | 30.2 | 19.8 | 14.7 |
Transition layer | 26.1 | 17.8 | 13.7 | 18.8 | 23.6 |
Sigma | 17.5 | 8.7 | 21.8 | 21.7 | 30.3 |
Table 1 Chemical compositions (at.%) of the as-cast MoNbFeCrV alloy determined by EDS
Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | V |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.9 | 21.0 | 20.5 | 18.7 | 19.9 |
BCC | 31.0 | 21.3 | 11.0 | 16.0 | 20.7 |
Laves | 11.2 | 24.1 | 30.2 | 19.8 | 14.7 |
Transition layer | 26.1 | 17.8 | 13.7 | 18.8 | 23.6 |
Sigma | 17.5 | 8.7 | 21.8 | 21.7 | 30.3 |
Fig. 3 a Equilibrium phase diagram for MoNbFeCrV alloy, b non-equilibrium solidification curve for MoNbFeCrV alloy using Scheil-Gulliver models, c composition of liquid phase, dcomposition of BCC phase, e composition of Laves phase, f composition of Sigma phase
Temperature (°C) | Phase | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | V |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
800 | BCC#1 | 43.6 | 29.8 | 1.1 | 7.6 | 17.8 |
Laves | 5.9 | 27.4 | 39.5 | 27.2 | 0 | |
Sigma | 6.5 | 0 | 33.6 | 15.8 | 44.1 | |
BCC#2 | 6.7 | 2.3 | 5.5 | 44.3 | 41.2 | |
1000 | BCC#1 | 31.0 | 21.9 | 5.0 | 16.7 | 25.4 |
Laves | 6.5 | 26.8 | 39.8 | 26.9 | 0 | |
Sigma | 7.2 | 0 | 34.7 | 18.2 | 39.8 |
Table 2 Predicted composition for MoNbFeCrV alloy at 800 °C and 1000 °C using TTNI8 database
Temperature (°C) | Phase | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | V |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
800 | BCC#1 | 43.6 | 29.8 | 1.1 | 7.6 | 17.8 |
Laves | 5.9 | 27.4 | 39.5 | 27.2 | 0 | |
Sigma | 6.5 | 0 | 33.6 | 15.8 | 44.1 | |
BCC#2 | 6.7 | 2.3 | 5.5 | 44.3 | 41.2 | |
1000 | BCC#1 | 31.0 | 21.9 | 5.0 | 16.7 | 25.4 |
Laves | 6.5 | 26.8 | 39.8 | 26.9 | 0 | |
Sigma | 7.2 | 0 | 34.7 | 18.2 | 39.8 |
Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 20.0 |
White regions (BCC) | 34.9 | 26.2 | 8.5 | 14.4 | 16.0 |
Gray regions (Laves) | 8.6 | 18.1 | 29.6 | 28.0 | 15.7 |
Dark regions (B2) | 3.8 | 6.2 | 28.8 | 11.7 | 49.5 |
Table 3 Chemical compositions (at.%) of the as-cast MoNbFeCrTi alloy determined by EDS
Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | Cr | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.9 | 20.7 | 20.1 | 19.3 | 20.0 |
White regions (BCC) | 34.9 | 26.2 | 8.5 | 14.4 | 16.0 |
Gray regions (Laves) | 8.6 | 18.1 | 29.6 | 28.0 | 15.7 |
Dark regions (B2) | 3.8 | 6.2 | 28.8 | 11.7 | 49.5 |
Fig. 5 a Equilibrium phase diagram for MoNbFeCrTi alloy, b non-equilibrium solidification curve for MoNbFeCrTi alloy using Scheil-Gulliver models, c composition of BCC (B2) phase 3.2.3 MoNbFeVTi The MoNbFeVTi alloy (Fig. 6a-c) consists of three distinct phases with the chemical composition given in Table 4. This alloy also exhibits a dendritic microstructure. Elemental mappings, as shown in Fig. 6d-h, indicate that the bright dendrites are enriched with Mo and Nb, but depleted of Fe, V, and Ti. The gray phase in the interdendritic regions is rich in Fe, V, and Ti. Then it is seen that the minor dark phase (denoted as Ti-rich phase in Fig. 6b) is heavily enriched with Fe and Ti. The volume fractions of the dominant bright dendrites, the (Fe, V, Ti)-rich gray phase, and the minority dark (Fe, Ti)-rich phase are about 60.6%, 38.1%, and 1.3%, respectively.
Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | V | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.3 | 19.3 | 21.4 | 19.4 | 20.6 |
White regions (BCC) | 31.3 | 24.5 | 9.0 | 18.9 | 16.3 |
Gray regions (B2) | 4.8 | 16.8 | 39.9 | 18.6 | 19.9 |
Dark regions (B2) | 2.7 | 6.7 | 36.5 | 12.0 | 42.1 |
Table 4 Chemical compositions (at.%) of the as-cast MoNbFeVTi alloy determined by EDS
Region (phase) | Mo | Nb | Fe | V | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 19.3 | 19.3 | 21.4 | 19.4 | 20.6 |
White regions (BCC) | 31.3 | 24.5 | 9.0 | 18.9 | 16.3 |
Gray regions (B2) | 4.8 | 16.8 | 39.9 | 18.6 | 19.9 |
Dark regions (B2) | 2.7 | 6.7 | 36.5 | 12.0 | 42.1 |
Alloy | ΔHmix (kJ/mol) | ΔSmix (J/(mol K)) | δ (%) | Ω | γ | Λ | ΔχAllen (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?6.72 | 13.38 | 5.36 | 4.71 | 1.167 | 0.47 | 8.84 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?9.28 | 13.38 | 6.69 | 3.34 | 1.192 | 0.30 | 10.34 |
MoNbFeVTi | -?8.48 | 13.38 | 5.77 | 3.65 | 1.191 | 0.40 | 9.89 |
Table 5 Calculated enthalpy of mixing (ΔHmix), the entropy of mixing (ΔSmix), atomic size difference (δ), Ω, γ, Λ, and electronegativity difference (Δχ, calculation based on Allen electronegativity)
Alloy | ΔHmix (kJ/mol) | ΔSmix (J/(mol K)) | δ (%) | Ω | γ | Λ | ΔχAllen (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?6.72 | 13.38 | 5.36 | 4.71 | 1.167 | 0.47 | 8.84 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?9.28 | 13.38 | 6.69 | 3.34 | 1.192 | 0.30 | 10.34 |
MoNbFeVTi | -?8.48 | 13.38 | 5.77 | 3.65 | 1.191 | 0.40 | 9.89 |
Fig. 8 a Compressive engineering stress-strain curves of MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys and fracture surfaces of b MoNbFeCrV alloy, c MoNbFeCrTi alloy, dMoNbFeVTi alloy
Alloy | Yield stress, σ0.2 (MPa) | Compressive stress, σp (MPa) | Fracture strain, εf (%) |
---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | 2663 | 2688 | 2.7 |
MoNbFeCrTi | 1647 | 1811 | 0.9 |
MoNbFeVTi | 1707 | 1729 | 1.7 |
Table 6 The 0.2% offset yield strength (σ0.2), compressive strength (σp), and fracture strain (εf) of the MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys
Alloy | Yield stress, σ0.2 (MPa) | Compressive stress, σp (MPa) | Fracture strain, εf (%) |
---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | 2663 | 2688 | 2.7 |
MoNbFeCrTi | 1647 | 1811 | 0.9 |
MoNbFeVTi | 1707 | 1729 | 1.7 |
Fig. 9 a Potentiodynamic polarization curves of MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys in deaerated 1 mol/L NaCl solution and SEM images of b MoNbFeCrV, cMoNbFeCrTi, d MoNbFeVTi alloys after electrochemical test
Alloy | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) | ipass (μA/cm2) |
---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?671 | 0.07 | 5.01 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?477 | 0.38 | 4.35 |
MoNbFeVTi | -?457 | 0.33 | 6.26 |
Table 7 Electrochemical parameters of the MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys in deaerated 1 mol/L NaCl solution
Alloy | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) | ipass (μA/cm2) |
---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?671 | 0.07 | 5.01 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?477 | 0.38 | 4.35 |
MoNbFeVTi | -?457 | 0.33 | 6.26 |
Fig. 10 a Potentiodynamic polarization curves of MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys in deaerated 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution and SEM images of b MoNbFeCrV, cMoNbFeCrTi, d MoNbFeVTi alloys after the electrochemical test
Alloy | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) | ipass (μA/cm2) | Eb (mVSCE) |
---|---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?275 | 0.91 | 14.09 | 969 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?258 | 1.35 | 7.86 | - |
MoNbFeVTi | -?285 | 0.70 | 12.77 | - |
Table 8 Electrochemical parameters of MoNbFeCrV, MoNbFeCrTi, and MoNbFeVTi alloys in deaerated 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution
Alloy | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) | ipass (μA/cm2) | Eb (mVSCE) |
---|---|---|---|---|
MoNbFeCrV | -?275 | 0.91 | 14.09 | 969 |
MoNbFeCrTi | -?258 | 1.35 | 7.86 | - |
MoNbFeVTi | -?285 | 0.70 | 12.77 | - |
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