Influence of Component Size on the Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion

doi:10.1007/s40195-023-01609-5

Abstract

Abstract:

The electrochemical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V with 1 mm and 16 mm thickness prepared by electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) was investigated in phosphate buffered saline. Electrochemical results showed that EB-PBF Ti-6Al-4V with a larger component size was more resistant to corrosion compared to the smaller component, because of less acicular αʹ phase content and more β phase content. As a non-equilibrium phase in the “high-energy state”, αʹ phase has a greater susceptibility to corrode and reduces the corrosion resistance of the material, while β phase improves corrosion resistance of titanium alloys. The results show that the phase composition has a more significant effect on the corrosion performance than the grain size.

Key words: Electron beam powder bed fusion, Ti6Al4V alloy, Corrosion resistance, Component size, Polarisation

Hongyu Zheng, Xin Gai, Yun Bai, Wentao Hou, Shujun Li, Yulin Hao, R. D. K. Misra, Rui Yang. Influence of Component Size on the Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2024, 37(1): 159-168.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the Ti-6Al-4V samples fabricated by EB-PBF (wt%)

Sample	Ti	Al	V	O	C	H	N	Fe
As-fabricated	Bal.	5.97	4.16	0.15	0.01	0.001	0.01	0.21

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of microstructure and electrochemical corrosion test sampling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with different sample thicknesses prepared by EB-PBF (The tinted surface is the testing surface)

Fig. 2 X-ray diffraction patterns of EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of 16 mm and 1 mm

Fig. 3 Low a, b and high c, d magnified optical microstructures of EB-PBF Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of 16 mm a, c and 1 mm b, d

Fig. 4 EBSD color inverse pole figures (IPFs) of EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of a 16 mm and b 1 mm

Fig. 5 EBSD (0001), (10\(\overline{1 }\)0) and (11\(\overline{2 }\)0) pole figures of EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of a 16 mm and b 1 mm

Fig. 6 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of 16 mm and 1 mm in PBS solution at 37 ℃

Table 2 Corrosion parameters of the potentiodynamic polarization for the EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V samples with thickness of 16 mm and 1 mm in PBS at 37 ℃

Sample	I_corr (µA cm⁻²)	E_corr (V, SCE)	Corrosion rate (× 10⁻⁵ mm y⁻¹)	I_pp (µA cm⁻²)	E_pp (V, SCE)	E_bb (V, SCE)	ΔE (V, SCE)
16 mm	0.008 ± 0.001	− 0.62 ± 0.04	0.022	1.53 ± 0.06	− 0.03 ± 0.03	2.36 ± 0.06	2.39 ± 0.09
1 mm	0.028 ± 0.010	− 0.42 ± 0.03	0.078	1.79 ± 0.10	0.08 ± 0.03	2.40 ± 0.02	2.32 ± 0.05

Fig. 7 EIS spectra diagrams of EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V with thickness of 16 mm and 1 mm in PBS at 37 °C: a Nyquist plot, b, c bode plots, and d equivalent circuit used for impedance analysis

Table 3 Electrochemical impedance parameters obtained by model R(QR)(QR) for the EB-PBF-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V sample with thickness of 16 mm and 1 mm in PBS at 37 ℃

Sample	R_s (Ω cm²)	R_f (kΩ cm²)	CPE_f		R_ct (MΩ cm²)	CPE_dl		χ² × 10⁻⁴
Sample	R_s (Ω cm²)	R_f (kΩ cm²)	Y₀ (× 10⁻⁵ Ω⁻¹ cm⁻² sⁿ)	n₁	R_ct (MΩ cm²)	Y₀ (× 10⁻⁵ Ω⁻¹ cm⁻² sⁿ)	n₂	χ² × 10⁻⁴
16 mm	17.81 ± 1.01	23.92 ± 1.27	3.72 ± 0.26	0.923	0.849 ± 0.106	6.77 ± 1.70	0.921	6.68
1 mm	17.19 ± 1.16	19.31 ± 1.12	4.93 ± 0.28	0.895	0.606 ± 0.122	5.21 ± 1.81	0.915	4.94

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