Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2020, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 1124-1134.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-020-01086-0
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Chengbo Yang1, Jing Zhang1,2(), Meng Li1, Xuejian Liu1
Received:
2020-03-12
Revised:
2020-05-11
Online:
2020-08-10
Published:
2020-08-06
Contact:
Jing Zhang
Chengbo Yang, Jing Zhang, Meng Li, Xuejian Liu. Soft-Magnetic High-Entropy AlCoFeMnNi Alloys with Dual-Phase Microstructures Induced by Annealing[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(8): 1124-1134.
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Fig. 4 TEM images of AlCoFeNiMn alloy annealed at 700 °C: a DFTEM image showing micron-sized grains and precipitates; b SAED pattern of the FCC precipitate and c SAED pattern of the BCC matrix
Fig. 5 TEM images of AlCoFeNiMn alloy annealed at 800 °C: a DFTEM image showing micron-sized grains and precipitates; b SAED pattern of the FCC precipitate and c SAED pattern of the BCC matrix
Fig. 8 HRTEM image showing an area of the matrix close to a precipitate (bottom right) in the alloy sample annealed at 700 °C. The insets show the fast Fourier transform (FFT) patterns of the BCC matrix and FCC precipitate, as well as an inverse FFT (IFFT) image of the matrix. The FFT pattern inset in the IFFT image shows B2 superlattice reflection spots
Fig. 9 SEM images of the AlCoFeMnNi alloys in a as-cast condition and after annealing at b 700 °C, c 800 °C, d 900 °C, e 1000 °C for 10 h. f Variation in the average grain size of the matrix and the volume fraction of the FCC precipitates with annealing temperature
Sample | Phase | Fe (at.%) | Co (at.%) | Ni (at.%) | Al (at.%) | Mn (at.%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As-cast | Matrix (B2) | 20.72 ± 0.1 | 20.14 ± 0.2 | 20.07 ± 0.2 | 19.13 ± 0.3 | 19.94 ± 0.5 |
HEA-700 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.33 ± 0.3 | 21.25 ± 0.2 | 24.77 ± 0.2 | 24.26 ± 0.5 | 17.39 ± 0.8 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 27.61 ± 0.3 | 19.11 ± 0.3 | 16.66 ± 0.2 | 9.97 ± 0.2 | 26.65 ± 0.3 | |
HEA-800 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.33 ± 0.4 | 20.30 ± 0.4 | 23.71 ± 0.3 | 25.43 ± 0.1 | 18.23 ± 0.3 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 31.92 ± 0.3 | 20.04 ± 0.3 | 13.36 ± 0.3 | 10.35 ± 0.3 | 24.33 ± 0.3 | |
HEA-900 | Matrix (BCC) | 11.88 ± 0.1 | 20.19 ± 0.3 | 24.10 ± 0.5 | 25.65 ± 0.2 | 18.18 ± 0.3 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 27.81 ± 0.4 | 21.03 ± 0.2 | 16.08 ± 0.3 | 9.65 ± 0.1 | 25.51 ± 0.1 | |
HEA-1000 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.55 ± 0.3 | 21.17 ± 0.3 | 25.37 ± 0.5 | 24.18 ± 0.2 | 16.73 ± 0.1 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 36.15 ± 0.3 | 22.12 ± 0.3 | 10.03 ± 0.5 | 3.98 ± 0.2 | 27.72 ± 0.1 |
Table 1 EDS analysis resultsa of the matrix and precipitates in the as-cast and annealed alloys
Sample | Phase | Fe (at.%) | Co (at.%) | Ni (at.%) | Al (at.%) | Mn (at.%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
As-cast | Matrix (B2) | 20.72 ± 0.1 | 20.14 ± 0.2 | 20.07 ± 0.2 | 19.13 ± 0.3 | 19.94 ± 0.5 |
HEA-700 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.33 ± 0.3 | 21.25 ± 0.2 | 24.77 ± 0.2 | 24.26 ± 0.5 | 17.39 ± 0.8 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 27.61 ± 0.3 | 19.11 ± 0.3 | 16.66 ± 0.2 | 9.97 ± 0.2 | 26.65 ± 0.3 | |
HEA-800 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.33 ± 0.4 | 20.30 ± 0.4 | 23.71 ± 0.3 | 25.43 ± 0.1 | 18.23 ± 0.3 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 31.92 ± 0.3 | 20.04 ± 0.3 | 13.36 ± 0.3 | 10.35 ± 0.3 | 24.33 ± 0.3 | |
HEA-900 | Matrix (BCC) | 11.88 ± 0.1 | 20.19 ± 0.3 | 24.10 ± 0.5 | 25.65 ± 0.2 | 18.18 ± 0.3 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 27.81 ± 0.4 | 21.03 ± 0.2 | 16.08 ± 0.3 | 9.65 ± 0.1 | 25.51 ± 0.1 | |
HEA-1000 | Matrix (BCC) | 12.55 ± 0.3 | 21.17 ± 0.3 | 25.37 ± 0.5 | 24.18 ± 0.2 | 16.73 ± 0.1 |
Precipitates (FCC) | 36.15 ± 0.3 | 22.12 ± 0.3 | 10.03 ± 0.5 | 3.98 ± 0.2 | 27.72 ± 0.1 |
Sample | Magnetic properties | Compressive properties | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M as (Am2/kg) | H bc (A/m) | σ cy (MPa) | σ dmax (MPa) | ? fp (%) | |
As-cast | 117.56 | 576 | 1365 | 1694 | 15 |
HEA-700 | 86.73 | 501 | 1186 | 2105 | 23 |
HEA-800 | 82.57 | 433 | 1022 | 2539 | 33 |
HEA-900 | 86.92 | 505 | 915 | 2528 | 33 |
HEA-1000 | 99.02 | 527 | 998 | 2321 | 31 |
Table 2 Magnetic and compressive properties of AlCoFeMnNi alloys at 27 °C
Sample | Magnetic properties | Compressive properties | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M as (Am2/kg) | H bc (A/m) | σ cy (MPa) | σ dmax (MPa) | ? fp (%) | |
As-cast | 117.56 | 576 | 1365 | 1694 | 15 |
HEA-700 | 86.73 | 501 | 1186 | 2105 | 23 |
HEA-800 | 82.57 | 433 | 1022 | 2539 | 33 |
HEA-900 | 86.92 | 505 | 915 | 2528 | 33 |
HEA-1000 | 99.02 | 527 | 998 | 2321 | 31 |
Alloy | Structure | M as (Am2/kg) | H bc (A/m) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
FeCoNiMn0.25Al0.25 | FCC | 268 | 101 | [ |
FeCoNiMnAl | BCC + B2 | 147.86 | 629 | [ |
FeCoNiMnGa | FCC | 80.43 | 915 | [ |
FeCoNiMn | FCC | 18.14 | 119 | [ |
FeCoNiCr | FCC | 13.95 | 1252.1 | [ |
FeCoNiCrCuAl | FCC + BCC | 46 | 3582 | [ |
FeCoNiCrAl | BCC | 64 | 1273 | [ |
FeCoNiCrAl1.25 | BCC | 43.05 | 1416 | [ |
FeCoNiMnSn | FCC | 80 | 3435 | [ |
FeCoNiMnCr | FCC | 1.39 | 10,804 | [ |
FeCoNiAl0.2Si0.2 | FCC | 131 | 1508 | [ |
FeCoNiAlCu | FCC | 84 | 12,892 | [ |
Fe29Ni29Co28Cu7Ti7 | FCC + BCC | 111.54 | 266.65 | [ |
Table 3 Comparison of the soft-magnetic properties of as-cast high-entropy alloys
Alloy | Structure | M as (Am2/kg) | H bc (A/m) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
FeCoNiMn0.25Al0.25 | FCC | 268 | 101 | [ |
FeCoNiMnAl | BCC + B2 | 147.86 | 629 | [ |
FeCoNiMnGa | FCC | 80.43 | 915 | [ |
FeCoNiMn | FCC | 18.14 | 119 | [ |
FeCoNiCr | FCC | 13.95 | 1252.1 | [ |
FeCoNiCrCuAl | FCC + BCC | 46 | 3582 | [ |
FeCoNiCrAl | BCC | 64 | 1273 | [ |
FeCoNiCrAl1.25 | BCC | 43.05 | 1416 | [ |
FeCoNiMnSn | FCC | 80 | 3435 | [ |
FeCoNiMnCr | FCC | 1.39 | 10,804 | [ |
FeCoNiAl0.2Si0.2 | FCC | 131 | 1508 | [ |
FeCoNiAlCu | FCC | 84 | 12,892 | [ |
Fe29Ni29Co28Cu7Ti7 | FCC + BCC | 111.54 | 266.65 | [ |
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