Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2019, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 1459-1469.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-019-00923-1
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Jin-Jin Zhao1,2, Xian-Bin Liu1(), Shuai Hu1,2, En-Hou Han1
Received:
2019-03-07
Revised:
2019-04-24
Online:
2019-12-10
Published:
2019-11-25
Jin-Jin Zhao, Xian-Bin Liu, Shuai Hu, En-Hou Han. Effect of Cl- Concentration on the SCC Behavior of 13Cr Stainless Steel in High-Pressure CO2 Environment[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(12): 1459-1469.
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Element | C | Cr | Mn | Si | Cu | Ni | S | P | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wt% | 0.2 | 13.05 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.007 | 0.015 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical composition of 13Cr stainless steel
Element | C | Cr | Mn | Si | Cu | Ni | S | P | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wt% | 0.2 | 13.05 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.007 | 0.015 | Bal. |
NaCl (%) | T (°C) | P (MPa) | Ecorr (mV) | Icorr (uA cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 90 | 6 | -?467.58 | 69.47 |
10 | 90 | 6 | -?609.47 | 42.58 |
20 | 90 | 6 | -?452.137 | 117.40 |
Table 2 Electrochemical parameters of the polarization curves for 13Cr stainless steel immersed in various NaCl solutions
NaCl (%) | T (°C) | P (MPa) | Ecorr (mV) | Icorr (uA cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 90 | 6 | -?467.58 | 69.47 |
10 | 90 | 6 | -?609.47 | 42.58 |
20 | 90 | 6 | -?452.137 | 117.40 |
Fig. 10 Microscopic morphologies of SSRT fracture of 13Cr steel in inert environment in the 10% NaCl solution at 90 °C with 3 MPa CO2 partial pressure
Fig. 11 Microscopic morphologies of SSRT fracture of 13Cr steel in inert environment in the 20% NaCl solution at 90 °C with 3 MPa CO2 partial pressure
Constant |
---|
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{\mathbf{H}}} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }}{{{\mathbf{\varphi }} \cdot {\mathbf{P}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }} = \frac{14.5}{1.00258} \times 10^{{ - \left( {2.27 + 5.65 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} - 8.06 \times 10^{ - 6} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} + 0.075 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}/{\mathbf{bar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{{\mathbf{Hy}}}} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }} = 2.58 \times 10^{ - 3} $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{1} = \frac{{\gamma_{ \pm 1}^{2} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} }} = 387.6 \times 10^{{ - \left( {6.41 - 1.594 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} + 8.52 \times 10^{ - 6} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} - 3.07 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{p}} - 0.4772 \times {\mathbf{I}}^{{1/2}} + 0.1180 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{2} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} }} = 10^{{ - \left( {10.61 - 4.97 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} + 1.331 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} - 2.624 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{p}} - 1.86 \times {\mathbf{I}}^{{1/2}} + 0.3466 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{\mathbf{W}}} = {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{OH}}^{ - } }} = 10^{{ - \left( {29.3868 - 0.0737549{\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{k}}} + 7.47881 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{k}}}^{2} } \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}^{2} } \right) $ |
Table 3 Experimental formulas for the calculation of the equilibrium constant
Constant |
---|
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{\mathbf{H}}} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }}{{{\mathbf{\varphi }} \cdot {\mathbf{P}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }} = \frac{14.5}{1.00258} \times 10^{{ - \left( {2.27 + 5.65 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} - 8.06 \times 10^{ - 6} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} + 0.075 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}/{\mathbf{bar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{{\mathbf{Hy}}}} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} }} = 2.58 \times 10^{ - 3} $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{1} = \frac{{\gamma_{ \pm 1}^{2} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} }} = 387.6 \times 10^{{ - \left( {6.41 - 1.594 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} + 8.52 \times 10^{ - 6} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} - 3.07 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{p}} - 0.4772 \times {\mathbf{I}}^{{1/2}} + 0.1180 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{2} = \frac{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } }} }}{{{\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} }} = 10^{{ - \left( {10.61 - 4.97 \times 10^{ - 3} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}} + 1.331 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{f}}}^{2} - 2.624 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{p}} - 1.86 \times {\mathbf{I}}^{{1/2}} + 0.3466 \times {\mathbf{I}}} \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}} \right) $ |
$ {\mathbf{K}}_{{\mathbf{W}}} = {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{OH}}^{ - } }} = 10^{{ - \left( {29.3868 - 0.0737549{\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{k}}} + 7.47881 \times 10^{ - 5} {\mathbf{T}}_{{\mathbf{k}}}^{2} } \right)}} \left( {{\mathbf{molar}}^{2} } \right) $ |
NaCl (wt%) | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} $ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 0.2906 | 7.4977E-4 | 7.5626E-4 | 6.80145E-10 | 7.5626E-4 |
10 | 0.2466 | 6.3633E-4 | 7.6903E-4 | 9.70197E-10 | 7.6903E-4 |
20 | 0.1716 | 4.4277E-4 | 6.7202E-4 | 9.85576E-10 | 6.7202E-4 |
Table 4 Ion concentrations (M) in the NaCl solution with various chlorine contents in the environment of 90 °C and 3 MPa CO2 partial pressure
NaCl (wt%) | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{2} }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}_{2} {\mathbf{CO}}_{3} }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{CO}}_{3}^{2 - } }} $ | $ {\mathbf{C}}_{{{\mathbf{H}}^{ + } }} $ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 0.2906 | 7.4977E-4 | 7.5626E-4 | 6.80145E-10 | 7.5626E-4 |
10 | 0.2466 | 6.3633E-4 | 7.6903E-4 | 9.70197E-10 | 7.6903E-4 |
20 | 0.1716 | 4.4277E-4 | 6.7202E-4 | 9.85576E-10 | 6.7202E-4 |
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