Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2019, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 269-285.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-018-0862-x
Special Issue: 2019年镁合金专辑
• Orginal Article • Next Articles
Huan Liu1(), He Huang1, Jia-Peng Sun1, Ce Wang1, Jing Bai2, Ai-Bin Ma1, Xian-Hua Chen3()
Received:
2018-09-30
Revised:
2018-11-15
Online:
2019-03-10
Published:
2019-02-22
About author:
Huan Liu is a Lecturer, Master’s Supervisor, College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University. He earned his Ph.D. from Southeast University in 2014 and then became a Lecturer in Hohai University. He was selected into the “Shuangchuang Program of Jiangsu Province” and “Dayu Scholars Program of Hohai University” in 2017. So far, he has published more than 30 scientific papers (indexed by SCI) and held 2 authorized Chinese patents. His papers were cited more than 200 times. His research interests mainly include design of high-strength and high ductility magnesium alloys, heat-resistant magnesium alloys, fabrication of fine-grained and ultra-fine-grained metallic materials, and biomedical materials.
Xian-Hua Chen is a Professor of Chongqing University and received his Doctor’s degree from Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2008. He is Director of Institute of Functional Mg Alloys in National Engineering Research Centre for Magnesium Alloys, Director of International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (Ministry of Education), Editorial Board of Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) (SCI). His research work is focused on new high-performance structural and functional magnesium alloys, and purification technology of magnesium alloys. He also worked in Materials Technology Laboratory of CANMET in Canada as visiting scientist during 2012-2013. He has 22 patents, 1 book and more than 60 SCI papers, including 2 science papers. His papers were cited more than 2700 times. He was awarded the Provincial and Ministerial S&T Prize in 2013, 2014 and 2017. He was the Chairman of “The 2nd China Youth Scholars Conference on Mg Alloys.”
Huan Liu, He Huang, Jia-Peng Sun, Ce Wang, Jing Bai, Ai-Bin Ma, Xian-Hua Chen. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-RE-TM Cast Alloys Containing Long Period Stacking Ordered Phases: A Review[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(3): 269-285.
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Fig. 1 Microstructure of a Mg99.21Y0.45Zn0.34, b Mg97.7Y1.5Zn0.8, c Mg96.5Y2.3Zn1.2, d Mg94Y4Zn2 alloys: a-c backscattered electron images [70]; d secondary electron image [72]
Fig. 3 Precipitates in Mg-Gd-Zn and Mg-Y-Zn alloys. a TEM and b HAADF-STEM images of γ′ phase in Mg-Gd-Zn alloy [97]. c SFs in Mg-Y-Zn alloy before heat treatment, d 14H LPSO phase formed after heat treatment [91]
Alloys (wt%) | Aging treatment | Initial hardness (HV) | Peak hardness (HV) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mg-9.53Gd-3.24Y-1.69Zn | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/142 h | 85 | 106 | [ |
Mg-9.85Gd-2.94Y-1.57Zn-0.4Zr | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/126 h | 85 | 110 | |
Mg-9.92Gd-2.87Y-1.61Zn-0.4Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/132 h | 84 | 113 | |
Mg-9.87Gd-3.06Y-1.73Zn-0.6Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/136 h | 86 | 116 | |
Mg-9.78Gd-2.91Y-1.52Zn-0.8Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/142 h | 87 | 118 | |
Mg-15Gd-0.4Zr | 520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 73 | 121 | [ |
Mg-15Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr | 520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 83 | 127 | |
Mg96.34Gd2.5Zn1Zr0.16 (at.%) | 480 °C/12 h + 200 °C/32 h | 81 | 110 | [ |
500 °C/10 h + 200 °C/128 h | 116 | |||
520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 122 | |||
Mg-12Gd-2Er-1Zn-0.6Zr | 520 °C/24 h + 225 °C/84 h | 85 | 120 | [ |
Mg-11Y-5Gd-2Zn-0.5Zr | 535 °C/20 h + 225 °C/24 h | 92 | 137 | [ |
Mg-14Gd-3Y-1.8Zn-0.5Zr | 525 °C/10 h + 225 °C/16 h | 84 | 127 | [ |
Mg-12.56Y-4.88Gd-1.3Zn-0.33Zr | 535 °C/16 h + 225 °C/24 h | 119 | 153 | [ |
Table 1 Aging response of LPSO-containing Mg-RE-Zn-based casting alloys
Alloys (wt%) | Aging treatment | Initial hardness (HV) | Peak hardness (HV) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mg-9.53Gd-3.24Y-1.69Zn | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/142 h | 85 | 106 | [ |
Mg-9.85Gd-2.94Y-1.57Zn-0.4Zr | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/126 h | 85 | 110 | |
Mg-9.92Gd-2.87Y-1.61Zn-0.4Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/132 h | 84 | 113 | |
Mg-9.87Gd-3.06Y-1.73Zn-0.6Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/136 h | 86 | 116 | |
Mg-9.78Gd-2.91Y-1.52Zn-0.8Ti | 520 °C/8 h + 220 °C/142 h | 87 | 118 | |
Mg-15Gd-0.4Zr | 520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 73 | 121 | [ |
Mg-15Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr | 520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 83 | 127 | |
Mg96.34Gd2.5Zn1Zr0.16 (at.%) | 480 °C/12 h + 200 °C/32 h | 81 | 110 | [ |
500 °C/10 h + 200 °C/128 h | 116 | |||
520 °C/12 h + 200 °C/64 h | 122 | |||
Mg-12Gd-2Er-1Zn-0.6Zr | 520 °C/24 h + 225 °C/84 h | 85 | 120 | [ |
Mg-11Y-5Gd-2Zn-0.5Zr | 535 °C/20 h + 225 °C/24 h | 92 | 137 | [ |
Mg-14Gd-3Y-1.8Zn-0.5Zr | 525 °C/10 h + 225 °C/16 h | 84 | 127 | [ |
Mg-12.56Y-4.88Gd-1.3Zn-0.33Zr | 535 °C/16 h + 225 °C/24 h | 119 | 153 | [ |
Fig. 4 HAADF-STEM images of the various precipitates in Mg-RE-TM alloys. a, bβ′ and β1 precipitates viewed from [0001]α direction [108]. Atomic structure of γ′′ precipitates viewed from c[11$\bar{2}$0]α, d[10$\bar{1}$0]α, e [0001]α directions [109]
Fig. 5 a General morphology of LPSO structures intercalated with β′ precipitates (LPSO phases are denoted by red arrows; an β′ precipitate is denoted by yellow curve). Incident beam//[11$\bar{2}$0] Mg; b schematic diagram illustrating the spatial relationship between β′ precipitates and LPSO structures [113]
Fig. 6 HAADF-STEM images presenting three types of β′/LPSO interfaces. a RE-absent gaps parallel to (11$bar{2}$0) Mg with a width about 1.3 nm. b Redistribution of the heavy atoms in LPSO close to β′ precipitates. c A β′ precipitate intercepted by LPSO. Incident beam//[11$bar{2}$0]α[113]
Fig. 7 Schematic of close-coupled nozzle ultrasonic atomization system: (1) melting chamber, (2) induction coil, (3) nozzle system, (4) atomization chamber, (5) cyclone separator [39]
Fig. 8 TEM images of RS/PM Mg-Y-Zn alloys: a Mg97Zn1Y2, b SAED pattern of LPSO phase in a [40], c Mg91Zn3.6Y5.4, d SAED pattern of LPSO phase in c [39]
Fig. 9 OM images of the DS crystal microstructure observed in the a longitudinal and b transverse sections along the growth direction [52]. c Schematic illustration showing the microstructure in a DS polycrystal [48]
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