Cu/Co/Cr Nanocomposites Obtained from Hydrotalcite Precursors as Catalysts for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

doi:10.1007/s40195-014-0036-4

Abstract

Abstract:

A series of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites with different Cu/Co/Cr molar ratios were obtained by calcination of Cu/Co/Cr hydrotalcites precursors, which were prepared by a co-precipitation reaction. X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma analysis, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure, composition, and morphology of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites. The results show that Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites have both CuCr₂O₄ and CoCr₂O₄ spinel phase. The particle size of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites is 15–20 nm and the specific surface area is 95–115 m²/g. Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites were used as new catalysts for improving thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). Their catalytic activities were investigated using differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetric analyzer coupled with an online mass spectrometer. The results show that the decomposition temperature of AP lowered 132–146 °C by adding 4 wt% Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites. Catalytic activities of the prepared nanocomposites depend on the calcinations temperature and addition amount of corresponding nanocomposites. The possible catalytic mechanism of Cu/Co/Cr nanocomposites was also studied and discussed.

Key words: Nanocomposite, Thermal decomposition, Catalytic activities

Hongbo Liu, Zhiyong Huang, Bingzhi Guo, Qingze Jiao, Zhiyong Xiong. Cu/Co/Cr Nanocomposites Obtained from Hydrotalcite Precursors as Catalysts for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2014, 27(2): 211-216.

Figures/Tables 8

References 34

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Sample	Cu/Co/Cr molar ratio		S_BET (m²/g)
Sample	Solution	Solid	HTs	NCOs
Cu₁Co₁Cr₁	1:1:1	1.00:0.97:0.96	214.1	101.5
Cu₂Co₄Cr₃	2:4:3	2.00:4.04:2.96	217.0	98.6
Cu₁Co₃Cr₂	1:3:2	1.00:2.80:1.83	211.1	107.8
Cu₂Co₈Cr₅	2:8:5	2.00:7.94:4.92	206.9	112.4
Cu₁Co₅Cr₃	1:5:3	1.00:4.90:2.92	228.3	110.0

Sample	Cu/Co/Cr molar ratio		S_BET (m²/g)
Sample	Solution	Solid	HTs	NCOs
Cu₁Co₁Cr₁	1:1:1	1.00:0.97:0.96	214.1	101.5
Cu₂Co₄Cr₃	2:4:3	2.00:4.04:2.96	217.0	98.6
Cu₁Co₃Cr₂	1:3:2	1.00:2.80:1.83	211.1	107.8
Cu₂Co₈Cr₅	2:8:5	2.00:7.94:4.92	206.9	112.4
Cu₁Co₅Cr₃	1:5:3	1.00:4.90:2.92	228.3	110.0

m/z	Assignment	Pure AP		AP + Cu/Co/Cr-NCOs
m/z	Assignment	T_p (°C)	I_max (A)	T_p (°C)	I_max (A)
16	NH₂⁺, O⁺	275–345, 345–460	4.65 × 10^-10	250–345	5.48 × 10^-10
17	NH₃⁺, OH⁺	280–350, 350–450	4.89 × 10^-9	250–340	5.58 × 10^-9
18	H₂O⁺	280–355, 355–450	2.22 × 10^-8	245–335	2.54 × 10^-8
30	NO⁺	280–350, 350–440	7.88 × 10^-10	250–345	1.93 × 10^-9
32	O₂⁺	275–350, 350–450	1.19 × 10^-9	265–355	1.88 × 10^-9
35	³⁵Cl⁺	370–460	5.08 × 10^-11	280–340	6.77 × 10^-11
37	³⁷Cl⁺	380–460	2.68 × 10^-11	290–340	3.35 × 10^-11
44	N₂O⁺	285–350, 350–450	1.34 × 10^-9	245–340	1.33 × 10^-9
46	NO₂⁺	275–355, 355–460	8.97 × 10^-12	265–355	4.20 × 10^-11
51	³⁵ClO⁺	290–365, 365–470	4.49 × 10^-12	270–375	4.22 × 10^-12
53	³⁷ClO⁺	285–370, 370–460	2.90 × 10^-12	255–340	2.85 × 10^-12
65	NO³⁵Cl⁺	365–460	2.80 × 10^-12	270–370	2.79 × 10^-12
67	NO³⁷Cl⁺, ³⁵ClO₂⁺	355–460	2.58 × 10^-12	285–340	2.61 × 10^-12
69	³⁷ClO₂⁺	–	–	250–345	3.25 × 10^-12
70	³⁵Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.59 × 10^-12	250–340	2.60 × 10^-12
72	^35,37Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.34 × 10^-12	250–340	2.40 × 10^-12
74	³⁷Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.58 × 10^-12	250–340	2.59 × 10^-12

m/z	Assignment	Pure AP		AP + Cu/Co/Cr-NCOs
m/z	Assignment	T_p (°C)	I_max (A)	T_p (°C)	I_max (A)
16	NH₂⁺, O⁺	275–345, 345–460	4.65 × 10^-10	250–345	5.48 × 10^-10
17	NH₃⁺, OH⁺	280–350, 350–450	4.89 × 10^-9	250–340	5.58 × 10^-9
18	H₂O⁺	280–355, 355–450	2.22 × 10^-8	245–335	2.54 × 10^-8
30	NO⁺	280–350, 350–440	7.88 × 10^-10	250–345	1.93 × 10^-9
32	O₂⁺	275–350, 350–450	1.19 × 10^-9	265–355	1.88 × 10^-9
35	³⁵Cl⁺	370–460	5.08 × 10^-11	280–340	6.77 × 10^-11
37	³⁷Cl⁺	380–460	2.68 × 10^-11	290–340	3.35 × 10^-11
44	N₂O⁺	285–350, 350–450	1.34 × 10^-9	245–340	1.33 × 10^-9
46	NO₂⁺	275–355, 355–460	8.97 × 10^-12	265–355	4.20 × 10^-11
51	³⁵ClO⁺	290–365, 365–470	4.49 × 10^-12	270–375	4.22 × 10^-12
53	³⁷ClO⁺	285–370, 370–460	2.90 × 10^-12	255–340	2.85 × 10^-12
65	NO³⁵Cl⁺	365–460	2.80 × 10^-12	270–370	2.79 × 10^-12
67	NO³⁷Cl⁺, ³⁵ClO₂⁺	355–460	2.58 × 10^-12	285–340	2.61 × 10^-12
69	³⁷ClO₂⁺	–	–	250–345	3.25 × 10^-12
70	³⁵Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.59 × 10^-12	250–340	2.60 × 10^-12
72	^35,37Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.34 × 10^-12	250–340	2.40 × 10^-12
74	³⁷Cl₂⁺	355–460	2.58 × 10^-12	250–340	2.59 × 10^-12