Preparation and H2S Gas-Sensing Performances of Coral-Like SnO2-CuO Nanocomposite

doi:10.1007/s40195-015-0312-y

Abstract

Abstract:

Nanocomposites composed of SnO₂ and CuO were prepared by hydrothermal method. The microstructures of obtained SnO₂-CuO powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption test. The results show that the nanocomposites exhibited coral-like nanostructure, and the average crystalline size of SnO₂ was 12 nm. The specific surface area of the four samples, SnO₂-0.2CuO, SnO₂-0.5CuO, SnO₂-1.0CuO and SnO₂-2.0CuO are 72.97, 58.77, 49.72 and 54.95 m²/g, respectively. The gas-sensing performance of the four samples to ethanol, formaldehyde and H₂S was studied. The sensor of SnO₂-0.5CuO exhibited high response to hydrogen sulfide (4173 to 10 ppm H₂S, where ppm represent 10^-6), and low response to ethanol and formaldehyde. The good selectivity exhibited that the SnO₂-0.5CuO nanocomposite can be a promising candidate for highly sensitive and selective gas-sensing material to H₂S.

Key words: Nanocomposite, SnO2-CuO, Gas sensor, H2S

Chun Gao, Zhi-Dong Lin, Na Li, Ping Fu, Xue-Hua Wang. Preparation and H₂S Gas-Sensing Performances of Coral-Like SnO₂-CuO Nanocomposite[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(9): 1190-1197.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the sensor.

Fig. 2 XRD pattern of SnO2-2.0CuO.

Fig. 3 SEM image a, TEM image b of SnO2-1.0CuO composite.

Fig. 4 Nitrogen adsorption isotherms and corresponding pore size distribution (inset) of samples: a SnO2-0.2CuO; b SnO2-0.5CuO; c SnO2-1.0CuO; d SnO2-2.0CuO.

Fig. 5 Resistances of the sensors based on different coral-like SnO2-CuO composites at different working temperatures.

Fig. 6 Responses of sensor based on coral-like SnO2-CuO to different gases at different working temperature: a 100 ppm ethanol; b 100 ppm formaldehyde; c 1 ppm hydrogen sulfide.

Fig. 7 Correlations between gas concentration and response of the sensor based on different coral-like SnO2-CuO composites to ethanol at 260 °C a, formaldehyde at 260 °C b, hydrogen sulfide at 100 °C c.

Fig. 8 Response and recovery curves of coral-like SnO2-0.5CuO sensor at 100 °C a, 300 °C b.

Fig. 9 Response-recovery curves of coral-like SnO2 sensor, response to 30 ppm hydrogen sulfide at 100 °C and recovery at 300 °C.

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Preparation and H₂S Gas-Sensing Performances of Coral-Like SnO₂-CuO Nanocomposite

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