An Energy-Efficient Electrochemical Method for CuO–TiO2 Nanotube Array Preparation with Visible-Light Responses

doi:10.1007/s40195-013-0013-3

Abstract

Abstract:

A rapid and energy-efficient method was presented for preparing CuO–TiO₂ nanotube arrays. TiO₂ nanotube arrays were first prepared by anodic oxidation using titanium anode and platinum cathode. Then, the formed TiO₂ nanotube arrays and Pt were used as cathode and anode, respectively, for subsequent formation of CuO–TiO₂ nanotube arrays, through an electrochemical process in a solution of 0.1 mol/L CuSO₄. The morphology and composition of the CuO–TiO₂ nanotube arrays were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV–Vis diffusion reflection spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). XPS and XRD analyses suggested that the Cu element in the nanotubes existed in CuO form, and its content changed along with the voltage during the second electrochemical process. The photocatalytic activities of the CuO–TiO₂ nanotube arrays were evaluated by the degradation of a model dye, rhodamine B. The results showed that Cu incorporation aroused wide visible-light adsorption and improved the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO₂ nanotube arrays significantly under visible-light irradiation. The stability of the CuO–TiO₂ nanotube arrays was also detected.

Key words: CuO, TiO₂ nanotube array, Photocatalysis, Rhodamine B

Haijin Liu, Yingling Wang, Guoguang Liu, Yuan Ren, Nan Zhang, Gang Wang, Tong Li. An Energy-Efficient Electrochemical Method for CuO–TiO₂ Nanotube Array Preparation with Visible-Light Responses[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2014, 27(1): 149-155.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 FESEM images of the top and cross-sectional views of the annealed TiO2 and CuO–TiO2 nanotube: a top-view of TiO2-300; b top-view of CuO–TiO2-300; c top-view of CuO–TiO2-400; d top-view of CuO–TiO2-500; e top-view of CuO–TiO2-600; f cross-sectional view

Fig. 2 XPS spectra of CuO–TiO2-300: a survey spectra; b Cu2p; c Ti2p; d O1s

Fig. 3 UV–Vis DRS spectra of samples annealed at 300 °C

Fig. 4 XRD spectra of TiO2 and CuO–TiO2 nanotube arrays annealed at different temperatures: a TiO2-300; b TiO2-400; c TiO2-500; d TiO2-600; e TiO2-1V-600; f TiO2-2V-600; g TiO2-3V-600; h TiO2-4V-600

Fig. 5 Degradation of rhodamine B under 500-W xenon lamp with 400-nm cutoff filter

Fig. 6 A schematic mechanism of the photocatalytic activity of CuO–TiO2 nanotube arrays

Fig. 7 Repeating experiments of TiO2-2V-300

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An Energy-Efficient Electrochemical Method for CuO–TiO₂ Nanotube Array Preparation with Visible-Light Responses

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