Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Hypervelocity Impact Performance of an Al-Based Nanocrystalline Alloy

doi:10.1007/s40195-017-0644-x

Abstract

Abstract:

In a wide strain rate range from 10^-5 to 10³ s^-1, the deformation behavior of an Al-based nanocrystalline alloy was investigated. After fracture, the debris collected was used for statistical analysis, which is expected to reflect the profile of the fracture behavior of the alloy. The energy absorption of alloy at different strain rates was elucidated on account of mass distribution of debris. Based on the parameters obtained by the compression experiment at different strain rates, the numerical simulation experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of Al-based nanocrystalline alloy as spacecraft shielding. The results suggest that Al-based nanocrystalline alloys have better shield performance than aluminum alloy under the identical areal density at velocity of 1-7 km/s. The better shield performance is attributed to high fracture strength, high hardness and low toughness of Al-based nanocrystalline alloy as compared with those of aluminum alloy.

Key words: Nanostructure material, Sintering, Mechanical properties, Computer simulation, Spacecraft shielding

Cite this article

Shan-Shan Deng, Gang Wang, Run-Qing Chi, Bao-Jun Pang, Dong-Jun Wang, Jun Shen. Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Hypervelocity Impact Performance of an Al-Based Nanocrystalline Alloy[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2017, 30(12): 1169-1176.

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URL: https://www.amse.org.cn/EN/10.1007/s40195-017-0644-x

https://www.amse.org.cn/EN/Y2017/V30/I12/1169

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 High-resolution TEM image of the sintering sample

Fig. 2 Sketch for a projectile striking the Al-based nanocrystalline alloy in the simulation

Table 1 Models and parameters of Al 2017 and Al 6061

Materials	Al 2017	Al 6061
Density, \(\rho_{0}\) (kg/m³)	2785	2703
EOS	Shock [27]	Shock [27]
Gruneisen constant	2	1.97
Reference temperature, t ₀ (K)	300	300
Parameter C ₁ (m/s)	5328	5240
Parameter S ₁	1.338	1.4
Specific heat, C _r [J/(kg K)]	863	885
Strength model	Johnson-Cook [26]	Johnson-Cook [28]
Shear modulus, G (GPa)	27.6	27.6
Static yield strength, A′ (GPa)	0.265	0.275
Strain hardening constant, B (GPa)	0.426	0.393
Strain hardening exponent, n	0.34	0.441
Strain rate constant, C	0.015	0.011
Reference strain rate, \(\dot{\varepsilon }_{0}\)	1	1
Thermal softening exponent, m	1	1
Melting temperature, t _m (K)	775	775
Failure model/criterion	Principal stress [29]	Principal stress [29]
Principal tensile failure stress (GPa)	2.5	2.6

Table 1 Models and parameters of Al 2017 and Al 6061

Materials	Al 2017	Al 6061
Density, \(\rho_{0}\) (kg/m³)	2785	2703
EOS	Shock [27]	Shock [27]
Gruneisen constant	2	1.97
Reference temperature, t ₀ (K)	300	300
Parameter C ₁ (m/s)	5328	5240
Parameter S ₁	1.338	1.4
Specific heat, C _r [J/(kg K)]	863	885
Strength model	Johnson-Cook [26]	Johnson-Cook [28]
Shear modulus, G (GPa)	27.6	27.6
Static yield strength, A′ (GPa)	0.265	0.275
Strain hardening constant, B (GPa)	0.426	0.393
Strain hardening exponent, n	0.34	0.441
Strain rate constant, C	0.015	0.011
Reference strain rate, \(\dot{\varepsilon }_{0}\)	1	1
Thermal softening exponent, m	1	1
Melting temperature, t _m (K)	775	775
Failure model/criterion	Principal stress [29]	Principal stress [29]
Principal tensile failure stress (GPa)	2.5	2.6

Fig. 3 Pulse patterns of incident, reflected and transmitted waves under SHPB experiment

Fig. 4 Engineering compressive stress-strain curves of Al-based nanocrystalline alloy at different strain rates

Fig. 5 Engineering compressive stress as a function of strain rate at logarithmic format

Fig. 6 Cumulative probability distribution of the debris mass at different strain rates

Fig. 7 Energy absorption of fractured samples at different strain rates in the dynamic state

Table 2 Material properties of Al-based nanocrystalline alloy

Material	Al-based nanocrystalline
Density, \(\rho_{0}\)(kg/m³)	3339
Gruneisen coefficient	2.0
C ₁ (m/s)	6430
S ₁	1.338
Shear modulus, G (GPa)	38.958
Yield stress (GPa)	1.25
Plastic failure strain	0.001

Table 2 Material properties of Al-based nanocrystalline alloy

Material	Al-based nanocrystalline
Density, \(\rho_{0}\)(kg/m³)	3339
Gruneisen coefficient	2.0
C ₁ (m/s)	6430
S ₁	1.338
Shear modulus, G (GPa)	38.958
Yield stress (GPa)	1.25
Plastic failure strain	0.001

Fig. 8 Whipple shield ballistic limits for Al-based nanocrystalline and aluminum alloys

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