Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2015, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 196-207.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-014-0185-5
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K. Devendranath Ramkumar1(), R. Jagat Sai1, G. Sridhar1, V. Santhosh Reddy1, P. Prabaharan1, N. Arivazhagan1, N. Sivashanmugham2
Received:
2014-03-12
Revised:
2014-05-04
Online:
2015-02-10
Published:
2015-07-23
K. Devendranath Ramkumar, R. Jagat Sai, G. Sridhar, V. Santhosh Reddy, P. Prabaharan, N. Arivazhagan, N. Sivashanmugham. Influence of Filler Metals in the Control of Deleterious Phases During the Multi-pass Welding of Inconel 718 Plates[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(2): 196-207.
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Metal | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Nb | Mo | Fe | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inconel 718 | 0.026 | 0.102 | 0.085 | 17.49 | Bal. | 5.03 | 2.96 | 20.3 | P 0.009; Cu 0.025; Al 0.572; Ti 0.905; Ta < 0.02; N < 0.005; Co 0.102 |
ERNiCr-3 | 0.02 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 20.5 | Bal. | 2.6 | - | 1.0 | P 0.002; Ti 0.5; S 0.09; Cu -0.5 |
ERNiCrMo-4 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 15.5 | Bal. | - | 16.0 | 4.5 | P 0.04; S 0.03; Cu 0.25; Co 1.1; W 3.5 |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of the base and filler metals (wt%)
Metal | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Nb | Mo | Fe | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inconel 718 | 0.026 | 0.102 | 0.085 | 17.49 | Bal. | 5.03 | 2.96 | 20.3 | P 0.009; Cu 0.025; Al 0.572; Ti 0.905; Ta < 0.02; N < 0.005; Co 0.102 |
ERNiCr-3 | 0.02 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 20.5 | Bal. | 2.6 | - | 1.0 | P 0.002; Ti 0.5; S 0.09; Cu -0.5 |
ERNiCrMo-4 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 15.5 | Bal. | - | 16.0 | 4.5 | P 0.04; S 0.03; Cu 0.25; Co 1.1; W 3.5 |
Filler | Number of pass | Voltage (V) | Current (A) | Pulse frequency (Hz) | Shielding gas flow rate (L/min) | Filler wire diameter (mm) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background current | Peak current | ||||||
ERNiCrMo-4 | 4 | 12.8-16.1 | 160 | 213 | 7.5 | 15 | 2.4 |
ERNiCr-3 | 4 | 11.6-14.5 | 160 | 213 | 7.5 | 15 | 2.4 |
Table 2 Process parameters employed for PCGTA welding of Inconel 718
Filler | Number of pass | Voltage (V) | Current (A) | Pulse frequency (Hz) | Shielding gas flow rate (L/min) | Filler wire diameter (mm) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background current | Peak current | ||||||
ERNiCrMo-4 | 4 | 12.8-16.1 | 160 | 213 | 7.5 | 15 | 2.4 |
ERNiCr-3 | 4 | 11.6-14.5 | 160 | 213 | 7.5 | 15 | 2.4 |
Fig. 1 a Photographs and the macrostructures of the PCGTA welded Inconel 718 plates employing ERNiCr-3 and ERNiCrMo-4 fillers: a, c ERNiCr-3 filler; b, d ERNiCrMo-4 filler
Fig. 2 Microstructures SEM images showing the microstructures of PCGTA weldments emplying ERNiCr-3 a, c, e; ERNiCrMo-4 b, d, f fillers: a, b composite zone; c, d weld zone; e, f HAZ
Fig. 7 Vicker’s micro-hardness curves of the PCGTA welded Inconel 718 samples employing ERNiCr-3 a; ERNiCrMo-4 b fillers, comparison chart of hardness of the weldments c
Filler | Description | Cap | Filler | Root |
---|---|---|---|---|
ERNiCr-3 | Average hardness of the weldment | 214.7 | 219.7 | 227.0 |
Average hardness at the weld zone | 211.7 | 229.5 | 236.4 | |
Peak hardness at the weld zone | 230.2 | 249.9 | 281.2 | |
ERNiCrMo-4 | Average hardness of the weldment | 230.4 | 229.5 | 231.4 |
Average hardness at the weld zone | 237.3 | 238.6 | 238.0 | |
Peak hardness at the weld zone | 282.6 | 265.9 | 267.8 |
Table 3 Hardness values of different positions of the Inconel 718 weldments
Filler | Description | Cap | Filler | Root |
---|---|---|---|---|
ERNiCr-3 | Average hardness of the weldment | 214.7 | 219.7 | 227.0 |
Average hardness at the weld zone | 211.7 | 229.5 | 236.4 | |
Peak hardness at the weld zone | 230.2 | 249.9 | 281.2 | |
ERNiCrMo-4 | Average hardness of the weldment | 230.4 | 229.5 | 231.4 |
Average hardness at the weld zone | 237.3 | 238.6 | 238.0 | |
Peak hardness at the weld zone | 282.6 | 265.9 | 267.8 |
Property | ERNiCr-3 | ERNiCrMo-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | |
Maximum load (kN) | 19.8 | 20.5 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 21.2 | 21.2 |
Maximum tensile strength (MPa) | 677 | 700 | 688.5 | 726 | 724 | 725 |
Young’s modulus (GPa) | 59.8 | 57.1 | 58.5 | 53.2 | 50.3 | 51.8 |
Tensile strain at break (%) | 64.5 | 68.1 | 66.3 | 78.1 | 76.1 | 77.1 |
Fracture zone | Weld region | Parent metal of Inconel 718 |
Table 4 Tensile properties of the Inconel 718 Weldments with different fillers
Property | ERNiCr-3 | ERNiCrMo-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | |
Maximum load (kN) | 19.8 | 20.5 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 21.2 | 21.2 |
Maximum tensile strength (MPa) | 677 | 700 | 688.5 | 726 | 724 | 725 |
Young’s modulus (GPa) | 59.8 | 57.1 | 58.5 | 53.2 | 50.3 | 51.8 |
Tensile strain at break (%) | 64.5 | 68.1 | 66.3 | 78.1 | 76.1 | 77.1 |
Fracture zone | Weld region | Parent metal of Inconel 718 |
Property | ERNiCr-3 | ERNiCrMo-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | |
Impact energy (J) | 70 | 56 | 63 | 48 | 54 | 51 |
Fracture mode | Ductile | Ductile |
Table 5 Impact properties of the Inconel 718 weldments with different fillers
Property | ERNiCr-3 | ERNiCrMo-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Average | |
Impact energy (J) | 70 | 56 | 63 | 48 | 54 | 51 |
Fracture mode | Ductile | Ductile |
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