Fig. 1 Inverse pole figure a, GBCD b and corresponding GHABs network c map for BM

Fig. 2 Effect of cold-rolling reduction on the fraction of SBs in the high-nitrogen ASS

Fig. 3 TEM micrographs showing the evolution of deformation microstructures in the high-nitrogen ASS cold-rolled by 5% a, b, 7% c, d and 10% e, f reduction, respectively

Fig. 4 IPF a-f, GBCD a’-f’ and GHABs a’’-f’’ maps of the high-nitrogen ASS cold-rolled by 5% and then annealed at 1423 K for different time of 0 min a-a’’, 3 min b-b’’, 6 min c-c’’, 10 min d-d’’, 30 min e-e’’ and 72 h f-f’’

Fig. 5 Effects of annealing at 1423 K for different time after cold-rolled by 5% on the fractions of SBs and Σ3 boundaries in the high-nitrogen ASS

Fig. 6 Effects of annealing at 1423 K for different time after cold-rolled by 5% on the TRD size and ν value in the high-nitrogen ASS

Fig. 7 Optical micrographs of the BM a, b and r5%-a1423K/72 h c, d specimens sensitized at 1123 K for different time of 1 h a, c and 2 h b, d

Fig. 8 Stress-strain curves for the BM and r5%-a1423K/72 h specimens in a NACE/A solution at 323 K after sensitized at 1123 K for 2 h

Fig. 9 SEM micrographs showing the fracture surfaces for BM a and r5%-a1423K/72 h b specimens after SSRT in a NACE/A solution environment

Fig. 10 SEM micrographs showing the microstructures in the near fracture zone for BM a and r5%-a1423K/72 h b specimens after SSRT in a NACE/A solution environment

Fig. 11 Analysis of intergranular cracks under IGSCC tests in the GBCD-optimized high-nitrogen ASS: a, c fore scattered detector (FSD); b, d corresponding grain boundary map

Fig. 12 Analysis of a transgranular crack under IGSCC tests in the GBCD-optimized high-nitrogen ASS: a fore scattered detector (FSD); b corresponding grain boundary map

Fig. 13 Comparisons of the TJ fraction a and the probability for crack arrest b proposed by Kumar et al. [38] and Palumbo et al. [4] between the BM and r5%-a1423K/72 h specimens