Fig. 1 a SEM image of AlSi10Mg powder, b hybrid manufactured AlSi10Mg-Al6061 bimetals

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of a tensile specimens and b nanoindentation test positionwhere $A_{0}$ is the initial cross-sectional area of the tensile specimens of the hybrid parts, $\varepsilon_{i}$ is the local true strain obtained by the DIC approach, $A_{i}$ is the cross-sectional area of the tensile specimens corresponding to $\varepsilon_{i}$, and $F_{i}$ is the tensile force applied in tensile tests.

Fig. 3 OM micrographs of interfacial defects of the hybrid part: a, b NLT sample, c, d FLT samples

Fig. 4 SEM-EDS results of interfacial crack-defects

Fig. 5 Alloying element distributions across the interface of the hybrid part

Fig. 6 a OM micrograph of the interfacial bonding zone of the hybrid part, b SEM microstructure of the interfacial bonding zone of the hybrid part, c enlarged image of area c (dilution zone) in Fig. 6b, d SEM microstructure of the melt pool of SLM-AlSi10Mg far away from the interface, e and f enlarged images of area e (the center of the melt pool), f (the boundary of the melt pool) in Fig. 6d

Fig. 7 EBSD IPF map of the interface of the hybrid part and EBSD pole figures of a columnar grains of SLM AlSi10Mg, b equiaxed grains of SLM AlSi10Mg, c first deposited layer, d substrate alloyFull size image

Fig. 8 Microhardness value of the hybrid part: a Vickers microhardness (HV) variation, b nanoindentation at the interface

Fig. 9 Room-temperature tensile properties of the hybrid parts: a engineering stress-engineering strain curves and fracture positions (the red line in the inset indicating the position of the interface), b histogram of tensile properties

Fig. 10 SEM images of the fracture morphologies: a-c substrate Al6061 alloy, d-f hybrid part broken in the substrate area, g-i hybrid part broken in the interface area, j-l SLM-AlSi10Mg

Fig. 11 DIC strain contour maps in a different time of a sample 1, b sample 3, c sample 5

Fig. 12 a-c True stress-true strain curves of different regions in sample 1, sample 3, and sample 5, respectively, d and e true stress-true strain curves and the corresponding strain hardening rate-true strain curves of the three groups of samples in the interface region and the substrate region, respectively