Springback Behavior and Biocompatibility in β-Type Ti-Mo-O Alloys

doi:10.1007/s40195-024-01786-x

Abstract

Abstract:

Ti-Mo-O alloys were used to analyze the effect of Mo and O contents on the mechanical compatibility and biocompatibility. The bending modulus, bending yield strength and springback ratio of the alloys were evaluated by using three-point bending tests and bending load-unloading tests. The biocompatibility was investigated by the adhesion, proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1). The results showed that the bending modulus and bending yield strength first were increased and then decreased with the increase in Mo content, while the springback ratio exhibited an opposite trend to the bending modulus. With the increase in O content, the bending modulus remained almost constant, while the bending yield strength was increased. The springback ratio exhibited a similar trend to the bending yield strength. The in vitro biological experiments showed that the Ti-Mo-O alloys had excellent biocompatibility due to the formed stable oxide films on their surface. With the increase in O and Mo contents, the TiO₂-MoO₂ oxide film became denser. Combining with mechanical compatibility and biocompatibility, the Ti-15Mo-0.2O and Ti-15Mo-0.3O alloys were more suitable for the biomedical application of spinal fixation device.

Key words: β-type titanium alloys, Bending modulus, Bending yield strength, Springback, Biocompatibility

Cheng Ren, Xiaohua Min, Sujie Zhang, Weiqiang Wang. Springback Behavior and Biocompatibility in β-Type Ti-Mo-O Alloys[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2025, 38(2): 313-326.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1 TEM observations in the Ti-7.5Mo-0.1O a-c and Ti-7.5Mo-0.4O d-f alloys: a, d bright-field images, b, e SAED patterns, c, f HRTEM and Fourier-filtered HRTEM images in the regions denoted by the dotted frame

Fig. 2 TEM observations in the Ti-10Mo-0.1O a-d and Ti-10Mo-0.4O e-h alloys: a, e SAED patterns, b, f dark-images taken using the diffraction spots marked in a and e, c, g HRTEM and Fourier-filtered HRTEM images in the regions denoted by the dotted frame, d, h corresponding RGB images

Fig. 3 TEM observations in the Ti-15Mo-0.1O a-d and Ti-15Mo-0.4O e-h alloys: a, e SAED patterns, b, f dark-images taken using the diffraction spots marked in a and e, c, g HRTEM and Fourier-filtered HRTEM images in the regions denoted by the dotted frame, d, h corresponding RGB images

Fig. 4 Three point bending stress-deflection curves a, c, e and three point bending loading-unloading curves b, d, f with maximum deflection of 3 mm in Ti-Mo-O alloys: a, b Ti-7.5Mo-xO, c, d Ti-10Mo-xO, and e, f Ti-15Mo-xO (x = 0.1-0.5%)

Fig. 5 Bending properties in Ti-Mo-O alloys: a bending modulus, b bending yield strength, c springback ratio

Fig. 6 BSE images of Ti-7.5Mo-0.1O and Ti-7.5Mo-0.4O alloys after bending deformation with a deflection of 3 mm: a, c Ti-7.5Mo-0.1O, b, d Ti-7.5Mo-0.4O

Fig. 7 EBSD maps of Ti-10Mo-0.1O and Ti-10Mo-0.4O alloys after bending deformation with a deflection of 3 mm: a-d Ti-10Mo-0.1O alloy, e-h Ti-10Mo-0.4O alloy, a, e IPF maps for RD b, f {332} < 113 > twin boundaries (red lines) combined with band contrast maps, c, g phase maps, and d, h KAM maps

Fig. 8 EBSD maps of Ti-15Mo-0.1O and Ti-15Mo-0.4O alloys after bending deformation with a deflection of 3 mm: a-d Ti-15Mo-0.1O alloy, e-h Ti-15Mo-0.4O alloy, a, e IPF maps for RD b, f {332} < 113 > twin boundaries (red lines) combined with band contrast maps, c, g phase maps, and d, h KAM maps

Fig. 9 Fluorescence images of MC3T3-E1 on the surface of Ti-Mo-O alloys after incubation for a-f 4 h, a'-f' 24 h. The green parts are the cytoskeletons and the blue parts are the nuclei: a, a' Ti-7.5Mo-0.1O, b, b' Ti-7.5Mo-0.5O, c, c' Ti-10Mo-0.1O, d, d' Ti-10Mo-0.5O, e, e' Ti-15Mo-0.5O, f, f' Ti-15Mo-0.5O

Fig. 10 a Cell proliferation of MC3T3-E1 on the surface of Ti-Mo-O alloys after incubation for one, two and four days; b the distribution of P-value between any two different samples after four days of incubation

Fig. 11 a ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 on the surface of Ti-Mo-O alloys after osteogenic incubation for seven and 14 days; b the distribution of P-value between any two different samples after 14 days of incubation

Fig. 12 Correlation among bending modulus, bending yield strength and springback ratio for Ti-Mo-O alloys

Fig. 13 a XPS spectra of Ti-7.5Mo-0.1O and Ti-15Mo-0.5O alloys and different elements b Ti 2p, c Mo 3d, and d O 1s

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