PVdF-HFP-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Semi-Interpenetrating Networks For Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01142-9

Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2021, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 417-424.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-020-01142-9

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PVdF-HFP-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Semi-Interpenetrating Networks For Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery

Lu Liu¹, Xiaodong Wang¹, Chenhui Yang¹, Peng Han¹, Lei Zhang²(), Li Gao³, Zirui Wu¹, Bingxin Liu³, Ruiping Liu¹()

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
²Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775-5905, USA
³School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China

Received:2020-07-23 Revised:2020-08-26 Accepted:2020-09-02 Online:2021-03-10 Published:2021-03-10
Contact: Lei Zhang,Ruiping Liu
About author:Ruiping Liu, 201402@cumtb.edu.cn
Lei Zhang, lzhang14@alaska.edu;

Abstract

Abstract:

The safety issues and lower energy density of the lithium metal batteries are the two main challenges that hinder their applications in the fields of electric vehicles and portable devices. In this work, the semi-interpenetrated polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-HFP)-based gel polymer electrolyte was synthesized through UV-curing method by employing the ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) monomer. The semi-interpenetrating networks formed by polymerization of ETPTA and the high liquid absorption rate of the PVdF-HFP impart the as-prepared electrolyte with a high room temperature ionic conductivity of 3.17 × 10^-3 s cm^-1 and a high mechanical strength of 3.46 MPa. LiFePO₄ was selected as cathode materials, and the active material loading of the cathode is about 4.2 mg cm^-2. The electrolyte shows superior long-term cycling properties (127 mAh g^-1 after 200 cycles at 0.5 C), excellent rate performance (113 mAh g^-1 at 1 C, 80 mAh g^-1 at 2 C, and the discharge capacity of 135 mAh g^-1 can be restored when the rate goes back to 0.1 C) as well as good ability to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrite (about 150 h). The facile synthesis strategy and great electrochemical performance of the electrolyte make it a potential candidate for lithium metal batteries.

Key words: Gel polymer electrolyte, PVdF-HFP, UV-curing, Lithium dendrite

Lu Liu, Xiaodong Wang, Chenhui Yang, Peng Han, Lei Zhang, Li Gao, Zirui Wu, Bingxin Liu, Ruiping Liu. PVdF-HFP-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Semi-Interpenetrating Networks For Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(3): 417-424.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram showing the synthesis procedure of the electrolyte

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the etching process of the as-prepared electrolyte with acetone as a solvent. A is the electrolyte membrane obtained after UV-curing, and C is the pure PVdF-HFP membrane

Fig. 3 SEM images of a, b the as-prepared gel polymer electrolytes, c enlarged area of b, d the cross-section image of the electrolytes

Fig. 4 a FTIR spectra of acrylic C=C bonds (1600-1650 cm-1) of ETPTA (before/after UV-crosslinking) in the electrolytes, b XRD patterns of the electrolytes (before/after UV-crosslinking), c TGA curves of the PVdF-HFP-based semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte (red), PVdF-HFP (black) and the PVdF-HFP-based semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte soaked by liquid electrolyte (blue), d temperature-dependent ionic conductivities of the electrolytes

Fig. 5 Stress-strain curve of the electrolyte, the insets showing the images of the tensile stretching process of the electrolyte

Fig. 6 CV curves a, cycling performance b, voltage-capacity profiles c rate performance d of the cells with as-prepared gel polymer membranes as electrolytes, EIS spectra of the cells with the as-prepared electrolyte before and after cycling e, galvanostatic cycling tests of Li/electrolyte/Li at 0.5 mA cm-2 f

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PVdF-HFP-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Semi-Interpenetrating Networks For Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery

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