Mechanical Properties and Work Hardening Behavior of Tip/Mg-Gd-Y-Zn Composites

doi:10.1007/s40195-025-01898-y

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, Ti_p/Mg-7Gd-2Y-3Zn (Ti_p/GWZ723) composites with various Ti_p sizes (~ 10 μm, ~ 20 μm and ~ 35 μm) were fabricated using semi-solid stirring casting method, the composites were subjected to hot extrusion, and the influence of Ti_p size on long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase, dynamic recrystallization (DRX), mechanical properties, and work hardening behavior of the Ti_p/GWZ723 composites was investigated. The results indicate that with the increase in Ti_p size, the grain size of the as-cast Ti_p/GWZ723 composites increases, and the lamellar 14H LPSO phase precipitates within the matrix after homogenization treatment. With the increase in Ti_p size, the reduction in the Ti_p surface area leads to a decrease in surface energy. Consequently, the enrichment of RE element is reduced, which facilitates the formation of the 14H LPSO phase. Moreover, the layer spacing of the 14H LPSO phase decreases. Particle deformation zone (PDZ) is formed around the Ti_p after extrusion, promoting the nucleation of DRX. The PDZ size increases with the increase in the Ti_p size. Nevertheless, the elongation of the Ti_p releases stress and reduces the PDZ size. Simultaneously, the 14H LPSO phase with a small interlayer spacing inhibits the non-basal slip, and the volume fraction of DRX (V_DRX) decreases with the increase in the Ti_p size. With the increase in Ti_p size, the refined grain size and the 14H LPSO phase with smaller interlayer spacing contribute to enhancing the work hardening rate and dynamic recovery rate of the Ti_p/GWZ723 composites. The Ti_p/Mg laminar-like interface formed in the Ti_p/GWZ723 composites can alleviate local stress concentration and inhibit the initiation and propagation of cracks.

Key words: Ti_p reinforced magnesium matrix composites, Ti_p/Mg laminar-like interface, Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior, Work hardening

Fang-Fang Cao, Cui-Ju Wang, Kai-Bo Nie, Quan-Xin Shi, Yi-Jia Li, Kun-Kun Deng. Mechanical Properties and Work Hardening Behavior of Ti_p/Mg-Gd-Y-Zn Composites[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2025, 38(10): 1777-1793.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1 Tip morphology maps: a 10 μm Tip; b 20 μm Tip; c 35 μm Tip

Fig. 2 Microstructures of the as-cast and the as-HTed Tip/GWZ723 composites: a-d 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; e-h 20 μm Tip/GWZ723; i-l 35 μm Tip/GWZ723; a, e, i as-cast; b-d, f-h, and j-l as-HTed

Fig. 3 TEM of the 14H LPSO phase in the matrix of the 20 μm Tip/GWZ723 composite after homogenization treatment: a bright-field image of the LPSO phase; b high-resolution image of the 14H LPSO phase and the corresponding diffraction spots

Fig. 4 EDS-mapping of 35 μm Tip/GWZ723 composite: a SEM image; b-g corresponding EDS-mapping

Fig. 5 Specific surface area of Tip with different sizes per unit volume

Fig. 6 Microstructure of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a, d 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; b, e 20 μm Tip/GWZ723; c, f 35 μm Tip/GWZ723

Fig. 7 Surface scanning patterns of the as-extruded 35 μm Tip/GWZ723 composite: a SEM image; b-g corresponding surface scanning images

Fig. 8 OM of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a, d 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; b, e 20 μm Tip/GWZ723; c, f 35 μm Tip/GWZ723

Fig. 9 SEM of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a, d, g 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; b, e, h 20 μm Tip/GWZ723; c, f, i 35 μm Tip/GWZ723

Fig. 10 OM and the corresponding nanoindentation cloud diagrams of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a, b 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; c, d 20 μm Tip/GWZ723; e, f 35 μm Tip/GWZ723

Fig. 11 a Room temperature tensile stress-strain curves; b corresponding histogram

Fig. 12 Nanoindentation cloud diagrams of the as-HTed Tip/GWZ723 composites under different strains at room temperature compression: a-d 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; e-h 35 μm Tip/GWZ723; a, e 0%; b, f 5%; c, g 10%; d, h 15%

Fig. 13 TEM of the 14H LPSO phase in the as-extruded 35 μm Tip/GWZ723 composite: a kinked 14H LPSO phase; b dislocations between 14H LPSO phase; c DRX grains

Fig. 14 Work hardening curves of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a work hardening rate $\theta - \left( {\sigma_{{{\text{UTS}}}} - \sigma_{0.2} } \right)$; b $\theta *\left( {\sigma_{{{\text{UTS}}}} - \sigma_{0.2} } \right) - \left( {\sigma_{{{\text{UTS}}}} - \sigma_{0.2} } \right)$

Table 1 Fitting values of work hardening of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites

Materials	a	b	c	R²
10 μm Ti_p/GWZ723	636.97	10,365.81	402.96	0.9994
35 μm Ti_p/GWZ723	1037.05	12,120.61	561.85	0.9995

Fig. 15 a-c Schematic diagram of the elongated spherical Tip; d interface area of Tip/Mg laminar-like with different Tip sizes

Fig. 16 a True stress-strain logarithmic curve; b histogram of work hardening index (n) and work hardening capacity (Hc)

Fig. 17 Tensile side fracture SEM of the as-extruded Tip/GWZ723 composites: a-c 10 μm Tip/GWZ723; d-f 35 μm Tip/GWZ723

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