Novel Soft Magnetic Co-Based Ternary Co-Er-B Bulk Metallic Glasses

doi:10.1007/s40195-024-01722-z

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, a series of Co-based ternary Co-Er-B bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with excellent soft magnetic properties and high strength were developed, and the local atomic structure of a typical Co_71.5Er_3.5B₂₅ metallic glass was studied through in situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal that the BMG samples can be obtained in a composition region of Co_68.5-71.5Er_3.5-4B_25-27.5 by a conventional copper-mold casting method. The Co-Er-B metallic glasses possess stronger atomic bond strengths and denser local atomic packing structure composed of a higher fraction of icosahedral-like clusters but fewer deformed body-centered cubic and crystal-like polyhedrons, and they exhibit slower atomic diffusion behaviors during solidification, as compared to Co-Y-B counterparts. The enhancement in structural stability and the retardation of atomic-ordered diffusion lead to the better glass-forming ability of the Co-Er-B alloys. The smaller magnetic anisotropy energy in the Co-Er-B metallic glasses results in a lower coercivity of less than 1.3 A/m. The Co-Er-B BMGs exhibit high-yield strength of 3560-3969 MPa along with distinct plasticity of around 0.50%.

Key words: Co-based bulk metallic glass, Glass-forming ability, Soft magnetic property, Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, Local atomic structure

Jie Lu, Yanhui Li, Shuang Ma, Wanping Li, Feng Bao, Zhengwang Zhu, Qiaoshi Zeng, Haifeng Zhang, Man Yao, Wei Zhang. Novel Soft Magnetic Co-Based Ternary Co-Er-B Bulk Metallic Glasses[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2024, 37(9): 1633-1642.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 a Compositional dependence of GFA in Co-based Co-Er-B metallic glasses and b XRD patterns of as-cast Co-Er-B BMG rods with a diameter of 1.0 mm inset with outer appearance, i cross-sectional optical morphology, and ii bright-field TEM image along with SAED pattern of a Co71.5Er3.5B25 BMG

Fig. 2 a DSC and b DTA curves of Co-based Co-Er-B metallic glasses

Table 1 Tg, ΔTx, Tl, Trg, dc or tc, Hc, Bs, σy, and εp of Co-based Co-RE-B (RE=Er, Y, Sm, Gd) metallic glasses

Alloys	T_g (K)	ΔT_x (K)	T_l (K)	T_rg	d_c / t_c (mm)	H_c (A/m)	B_s (T)	σ_y (MPa)	ε_p (%)
Co_71.5Er_3.5B₂₅	807	25	1438	0.561	1.0	1.3	0.68	3560	0.12
Co₇₁Er₄B₂₅	836	30	1439	0.581	1.0	1.2	0.65	3821	0.50
Co₇₀Er₄B₂₆	841	30	1452	0.579	1.0	1.2	0.61	3875	0.32
Co₆₉Er_3.5B_27.5	850	25	1486	0.572	1.0	1.3	0.56	3754	0.16
Co_68.5Er₄B_27.5	855	27	1469	0.582	1.0	1.3	0.53	3969	0.17
Co_71.5Y_3.5B₂₅	822	33	1472	0.558	0.24	1.5	0.73	-	-
Co_71.5Sm_3.5B₂₅	821	24	1556	0.528	0.06	2.9	0.71	-	-
Co_71.5Gd_3.5B₂₅	822	25	1525	0.540	0.08	2.0	0.62	-	-

Fig. 3 a S(q) curves of Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses at 300 K obtained by HEXRD tests and AIMD simulations inset with synchrotron patterns and b partially enlarged G(r) curves transformed from the HEXRD results of the alloys inset with total G(r)

Fig. 4 Partial PDFs of a Co-B, Co-Co, and B-B, and b B-RE, Co-RE, and RE-RE pairs in Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses at 300 K. Inset in a shows total PDF of the two alloys

Fig. 5 a Coordination numbers of Co, RE, and B atoms and b Warren-Cowley parameters between Co, RE, and B atom pairs in Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses at 300 K

Fig. 6 Fractions of major VPs centered by a Co and b B atoms of Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses at 300 K inset with typical VP structures

Fig. 7 a MSD curves of Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) alloys at 800-3000 K and b corresponding partially enlarged curves at 800 K and 1100 K

Fig. 8 a Hysteresis loops of Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses inset with partially enlarged B-H curves near zero applied field and b differences (E-$\overline{E}$ ) between total energy (E) in different magnetization orientations of cubic supercells and average energy of all orientations ($\overline{E}$) for Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Y, Er) metallic glasses. MAE was determined from the difference between the maximum and minimum E

Table 2 Calculated μtotal, and local magnetic moments of Co (μCo), RE (μRE), and B (μB) for Co71.5RE3.5B25 (RE=Er, Y) metallic glasses

Alloys	μ_total (μ_B/atom)	μ_Co (μ_B/atom)	μ_RE (μ_B/atom)	μ_B (μ_B/atom)
Co_71.5Er_3.5B₂₅	0.71	1.03	−0.20	−0.06
Co_71.5Y_3.5B₂₅	0.74	1.08	−0.13	−0.06

Fig. 9 Compressive stress-strain curves of the Co-Er-B BMGs rods inset with SEM images showing i total, ii fracture, and iii lateral surfaces morphology of the cracked Co71.5Er3.5B25 BMG

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