Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2020, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 846-856.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-020-01008-0
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Lujun Zhou1, Shanwu Yang1(), Yi Dong1, Wenhua Zhang1, Jianwen Ding1, Guoliang Liu1, Chengjia Shang1, Raja Devesh Kumar Misra2
Received:
2019-08-27
Revised:
2019-11-11
Online:
2020-06-10
Published:
2020-06-17
Contact:
Shanwu Yang
Lujun Zhou, Shanwu Yang, Yi Dong, Wenhua Zhang, Jianwen Ding, Guoliang Liu, Chengjia Shang, Raja Devesh Kumar Misra. Characterization of Compactness of Rust Layers on Weathering Steels by an Adsorption/Dehydration Test of Ethanol[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(6): 846-856.
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Steel | C | S | P | Cu | Cr | Ni | Si | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low carbon bainitic steel | 0.054 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.51 | 0.26 | 0.58 |
Corten-A steel | 0.08 | 0.023 | 0.07 | 0.41 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
E550 steel | < 0.2 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.44 | 0.4 | 0.65 | 0.26 | 1.38 |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of weathering steels (mass%)
Steel | C | S | P | Cu | Cr | Ni | Si | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low carbon bainitic steel | 0.054 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.51 | 0.26 | 0.58 |
Corten-A steel | 0.08 | 0.023 | 0.07 | 0.41 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
E550 steel | < 0.2 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.44 | 0.4 | 0.65 | 0.26 | 1.38 |
Fig.2 Adsorption/dehydration results of ethanol for Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples: a adsorption process, b dehydration process, c adsorption rate d dehydration rate. (AVG1: average rate from 0 to 1 h; AVG2: average rate from 0 to 12 h; AVG3: average rate from 0 to 36 h.)
Fig.4 Ethanol adsorption/dehydration curves and adsorption/dehydration rates per unit mass of rust for Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples: a adsorption process, b dehydration process, c adsorption rate d dehydration rate. (AVG1: average rate from 0 to 1 h; AVG2: average rate from 0 to 12 h; AVG3: average rate from 0 to 36 h.)
Sample | mR (mg/cm2) | x (mg/cm2) | n | M (mg/cm2) | SSA (m2/g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | Ethanol | 2.74 | 3.46 | 1 | 140.77 | 60.93 |
Acetone | 13.09 | 13.81 | 4 | |||
E550 | Ethanol | 2.51 | 3.54 | 1 | 114.77 | 76.57 |
Acetone | 13.12 | 14.15 | 4 | |||
LCB | Ethanol | 2.47 | 3.47 | 1 | 88.49 | 97.50 |
Acetone | 12.87 | 13.87 | 4 |
Table 2 Specific surface area results of rust layers on Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples by ethanol adsorption/dehydration method
Sample | mR (mg/cm2) | x (mg/cm2) | n | M (mg/cm2) | SSA (m2/g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | Ethanol | 2.74 | 3.46 | 1 | 140.77 | 60.93 |
Acetone | 13.09 | 13.81 | 4 | |||
E550 | Ethanol | 2.51 | 3.54 | 1 | 114.77 | 76.57 |
Acetone | 13.12 | 14.15 | 4 | |||
LCB | Ethanol | 2.47 | 3.47 | 1 | 88.49 | 97.50 |
Acetone | 12.87 | 13.87 | 4 |
Sample | M (mg/cm2) | mS (mg/cm2) | mSM (mg/mg) | V (10-3 cm3/cm2) | VM (cm3/g) | SSAV (108/m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | 140.77 | 72.46 | 0.51 | 91.84 | 0.65 | 1.41 |
E550 | 114.77 | 59.48 | 0.52 | 75.39 | 0.66 | 1.87 |
LCB | 88.49 | 36.05 | 0.41 | 45.69 | 0.52 | 3.05 |
Table 3 Porosity of Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples by ethanol adsorption/dehydration method
Sample | M (mg/cm2) | mS (mg/cm2) | mSM (mg/mg) | V (10-3 cm3/cm2) | VM (cm3/g) | SSAV (108/m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | 140.77 | 72.46 | 0.51 | 91.84 | 0.65 | 1.41 |
E550 | 114.77 | 59.48 | 0.52 | 75.39 | 0.66 | 1.87 |
LCB | 88.49 | 36.05 | 0.41 | 45.69 | 0.52 | 3.05 |
Sample | Slope | Intercept | Correlation coefficient | C constant | SSA (m2/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | 85.243 | 0.475 | 0.999936 | 180.339 | 40.627 |
Corten-A without VD | 389.946 | 14.00 | 0.999932 | 28.863 | 8.621 |
E550 | 72.841 | 0.394 | 0.999969 | 185.621 | 47.552 |
E550 without VD | 461.155 | 18.90 | 0.999943 | 25.401 | 7.254 |
LCB | 35.109 | 0.231 | 0.999980 | 152.821 | 98.542 |
LCB without VD | 213.335 | 6.821 | 0.999931 | 32.277 | 15.818 |
Table 4 Specific surface area results of rust layers on Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples by N2 adsorption method
Sample | Slope | Intercept | Correlation coefficient | C constant | SSA (m2/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corten-A | 85.243 | 0.475 | 0.999936 | 180.339 | 40.627 |
Corten-A without VD | 389.946 | 14.00 | 0.999932 | 28.863 | 8.621 |
E550 | 72.841 | 0.394 | 0.999969 | 185.621 | 47.552 |
E550 without VD | 461.155 | 18.90 | 0.999943 | 25.401 | 7.254 |
LCB | 35.109 | 0.231 | 0.999980 | 152.821 | 98.542 |
LCB without VD | 213.335 | 6.821 | 0.999931 | 32.277 | 15.818 |
Fig.7 a XRD results of Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples, b constituents of rust layers (mass ratio of different corrosion products, including goethite, magnetite, lepidocrocite, akaganeite and amorphism) c index of α*/γ*, α/β and wS/wA (where wS is the mass% of goethite + magnetite + lepidocrocite + akaganeite, wA is the mass% of amorphism)
Fig.8 Electrochemical results of Corten-A, E550 and LCB samples: a electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), b equivalent electrical circuit model for the EIS data (Rs is the resistance of the solution, Rr is the resistance of the rust layer, Cr is the capacitance of the rust layer, Cd is the capacitance of the double layers, Rt is the charge transfer resistance, and W is the Warburg impedance), c polarization curves (i, corrosion current density) d evolution of free corrosion potential, corrosion current density and rust resistance of rusted samples
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