Corrosion Behavior of High-Strength Steel for Flexible Riser Exposed to CO2-Saturated Saline Solution and CO2-Saturated Vapor Environments

doi:10.1007/s40195-018-0825-2

Abstract

Abstract:

The corrosion behavior of high-strength steel used for flexible riser exposed to CO₂-saturated saline solution and CO₂-saturated vapor environments was studied through immersion experiment and electrochemical corrosion experiment. The corrosion behavior and mechanism of the tested steel were analyzed on the basis of corrosion kinetics, nature of corrosion products, corrosion product morphology, elemental distribution and polarization curves. The experimental results showed that the microstructure of the tested steel was bainitic microstructure. The corrosive activity of the tested steel exposed to CO₂-saturated vapor environment was significantly lower than that exposed to CO₂-saturated saline solution environment. On prolonging the exposure time, the corrosion rate gradually decreased, the corrosion heterogeneity increased, and the dimensions of FeCO₃ crystals gradually became small. At later stages of corrosion, the corrosion current density decreased significantly and the anodic Tafel slope increased, indicating that the corrosion process was strongly inhibited. The corrosion mechanism of low-alloy steel with bainitic microstructure was proposed based on experimental results.

Key words: Flexible riser, High-strength bainitic steel, CO₂ corrosion, Electrochemical behavior

Da-Zheng Zhang, Xiu-Hua Gao, Lin-Xiu Du, Hong-Xuan Wang, Zhen-Guang Liu, Ning-Ning Yang, R. D. K. Misra. Corrosion Behavior of High-Strength Steel for Flexible Riser Exposed to CO₂-Saturated Saline Solution and CO₂-Saturated Vapor Environments[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(5): 607-617.

Figures/Tables 13

Table 1 Chemical composition of the tested steel (wt%)

C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr + Mo + Ni	Nb	Ti	Fe
0.08	0.19	0.52	< 0.005	< 0.003	2.0	0.05	0.011	Balance

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of corrosive device

Fig. 2 Microstructure of the tested steel: a OM micrograph, b SEM micrograph

Fig. 3 Corrosion kinetics curves of the tested steel exposed to different environments: a CO2-saturated saline solution environment; b CO2-saturated vapor environment

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of corrosion products: a CO2-saturated saline solution environment; b CO2-saturated vapor environment

Fig. 5 Surface morphology of corrosion products exposed to CO2-saturated saline solution environment a, b CO2-saturated vapor environment c, d: a 24 h; b 288 h; c 24 h; d 288 h

Fig. 6 3D surface morphologies of the tested steel after removing corrosion products exposed to CO2-saturated saline solution environment a, b CO2-saturated vapor environment c, d: a 24 h; b 288 h; c 24 h; d 288 h

Fig. 7 Cross section morphology of corrosion products exposed to CO2-saturated saline solution environment a, b CO2-saturated vapor environment c, d: a 24 h; b 288 h; c 24 h; d 288 h

Fig. 8 Distribution of elements in corrosion products exposed to CO2-saturated saline solution for 288 h

Fig. 9 Distribution of elements in corrosion products exposed to CO2-saturated vapor environment for 288 h

Fig. 10 Polarization curves of the tested steel exposed to different environments: a CO2-saturated saline solution environment; b CO2-saturated vapor environment

Table 2 Polarization parameters of the tested steel exposed to different environments

Specimen	E_corr (mV)	I_corr (μA/cm²)	b_a (mV/dec)	b_c (mV/dec)
CO₂-saturated saline solution environment (h)
24	- 478.58	62.29	140.59	- 169.19
96	- 412.99	45.07	152.13	- 255.04
192	- 387.03	24.87	160.36	- 186.23
288	- 359.38	14.84	236.12	- 224.46
CO₂-saturated vapor environment (h)
24	- 395.35	37.34	183.56	- 389.89
96	- 416.57	23.51	144.40	297.39
192	- 331.30	18.49	177.75	- 255.79
288	- 359.17	14.04	303.80	- 315.86

Fig. 11 Schematic diagram of CO2 corrosion process of bainitic microstructure

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Corrosion Behavior of High-Strength Steel for Flexible Riser Exposed to CO₂-Saturated Saline Solution and CO₂-Saturated Vapor Environments

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