Fig.1 a Subsections images (by using precision cutting method) of electrodeposited coated disc used for different tests, b 3D profile of the sample wear track after wear-resistant test

Fig.2 Surface morphologies of pulse electrodeposited nickel-based composite coatings: a pure nickel, b Ni-Al2O3, c Ni-SiC, d Ni-ZrO2

Fig.3 Surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rz ) of pure nickel and nickel composite coatings

Fig.4 Cross-sectional SEM micrographs of incorporated nanoparticle distributions in the nickel-based composite coatings: a Ni-Al2O3, b Ni-SiC, c Ni-ZrO2

Fig.5 Hardness and elastic modulus values of pure nickel and nickel composite coatings

Fig.6 X-ray diffraction patterns from electrodeposited pure nickel and nickel-based composite (Ni-Al2O3, Ni-SiC and Ni-ZrO2) coatings

Fig.7 Comparison of the wear rates of pure nickel and nickel composite coatings in water-lubricated rolling contacts

Fig.8 SEM micrographs of worn surfaces of pure nickel and nickel composite coatings in water-lubricated rolling contacts; overall a-c, magnified d-f views

Fig.9 Potentiodynamic polarization curves for bare substrate, pure nickel and nickel composite of different nanoparticles in 3.5% NaCl solution

Fig.10 Critical loads for different types of nickel and nickel composite coatings according to DIN EN 1071-3

Fig.11 Optical microscopic examinations for failure mechanism according to DIN EN 1071-3 for nickel and nickel composite coatings

Fig.12 The comparison of the surface energy and changing wettability behaviour of the pure nickel and nickel composite coatings