Facile Synthesis of Yolk-Shell Bi@C Nanospheres with Superior Li-ion Storage Performances

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01117-w

Abstract

Abstract:

Recently, exploring appropriate anode materials for current commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with suitable operating potential and long cycle life has attracted extensive attention. Herein, a novel anode of Bi nanoparticles fully encapsulated in carbon nanosphere framework with uniform yolk-shell nanostructure was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method. Due to the special structure design, this anode of yolk-shell Bi@C can effectively moderate the volume exchange, avoid the aggregation of active Bi nanoparticle and provide superior kinetic during discharge/charge process. Cycling in the voltage of 0.01-2.0 V, yolk-shell Bi@C anode exhibits outstanding Li⁺ storage performance (a reversible capacity over 200 mAh g^-1 after 400 cycles at 1.25 A g^-1) and excellent rate capability (a capacity of 404, 347, 304, 275, 240, 199 and 163 mAh g^-1 at 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.8 and 3.2 A g^-1, respectively). This work indicates that rational design of nanostructured anode materials is highly applicable for the next-generation LIBs.

Key words: Yolk-shell structure, Li-ion batteries, Alloying type, Bismuth, Rate capability

Xijun Xu, Dechao Zhang, Zhuosen Wang, Shiyong Zuo, Jiadong Shen, Zhengbo Liu, Jun Liu. Facile Synthesis of Yolk-Shell Bi@C Nanospheres with Superior Li-ion Storage Performances[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(3): 347-353.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1 a Schematic illustration of the fabrication of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres; b XRD patterns of Bi@C nanospheres; c Raman spectrum of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres; d, e low- and high-magnification SEM images of Bi@C composites

Fig. 2 a-c Low- and high-magnification TEM images of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres; d-f the corresponding HRTEM images of Bi@C

Fig. 3 Li+ storage performance of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres: a CV curves at 0.1 mV s-1; b the first three discharge/charge profiles; c discharge/charge profiles at different current densities from 0.05 to 3.2 A g-1; and d the corresponding rate performance; e, f cycling performance at 0.5 A g-1 and 1.25 A g-1, respectively

Fig. 4 a CV curves of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres from 0.2 to 2.0 mV s-1; b the fitting curve of the peak current (Ip) vs scan rate (v1/2); c EIS curve of yolk-shell Bi@C nanospheres after 80 cycles at 0.5 A g-1; d the rate capability comparison of this yolk-shell Bi@C anode with reported Bi-based materials

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