Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2015, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1525-1531.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-015-0355-0
• Article • Previous Articles
Chetan P. Nikhare
Received:
2015-12-12
Revised:
2015-12-12
Online:
2015-12-12
Published:
2015-12-15
Chetan P. Nikhare. Prediction of Springback in Long Channels[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(12): 1525-1531.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
Material | Yield strength (MPa) | Strength coefficient K (MPa) | Strain hardening exponent n |
---|---|---|---|
Soft material | 251 | 600 | 0.2 |
Hard material | 503 | 1200 | 0.2 |
Table 1 Power law parameters for both material curves
Material | Yield strength (MPa) | Strength coefficient K (MPa) | Strain hardening exponent n |
---|---|---|---|
Soft material | 251 | 600 | 0.2 |
Hard material | 503 | 1200 | 0.2 |
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 4.37 | 4.85 | 4.31 |
Flange angle θ2 | 7.15 | 7.15 | 7.15 |
Table 2 Springback angle at wall and flange for front edge, weld line and back edge for the case SMSTS
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 4.37 | 4.85 | 4.31 |
Flange angle θ2 | 7.15 | 7.15 | 7.15 |
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 3.67 | 4.74 | 2.53 |
Flange angle θ2 | 6.04 | 5.83 | 4.54 |
Table 3 Springback angle at wall and flange for front edge, weld line and back edge for the case SMDT
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 3.67 | 4.74 | 2.53 |
Flange angle θ2 | 6.04 | 5.83 | 4.54 |
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 8.60 | 8.29 | 7.05 |
Flange angle θ2 | 12.74 | 11.96 | 11.22 |
Table 4 Springback angle at wall and flange for front edge, weld line and back edge for case DMST
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 8.60 | 8.29 | 7.05 |
Flange angle θ2 | 12.74 | 11.96 | 11.22 |
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 4.24 | 6.52 | 4.46 |
Flange angle θ2 | 7.43 | 7.25 | 5.55 |
Table 5 Springback angle at wall and flange for front edge, weld line and back edge for case DMDT
Springback angle | Front edge | Weld line | Back edge |
---|---|---|---|
Wall angle θ1 | 4.24 | 6.52 | 4.46 |
Flange angle θ2 | 7.43 | 7.25 | 5.55 |
Case | Springback level at channel wall | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front edge | Weld line | Back edge | |
SMSTS | Same | Same | Same |
SMDT | Middle | High | Low |
DMST | High | Middle | Low |
DMDT | Low | High | Middle |
Table 6 Springback level at channel wall for all case
Case | Springback level at channel wall | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front edge | Weld line | Back edge | |
SMSTS | Same | Same | Same |
SMDT | Middle | High | Low |
DMST | High | Middle | Low |
DMDT | Low | High | Middle |
Case | Springback level at channel flange | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front edge | Weld line | Back edge | |
SMSTS | Same | Same | Same |
SMDT | High | Middle | Low |
DMST | High | Middle | Low |
DMDT | High | Middle | Low |
Table 7 Springback level at channel flange for all case
Case | Springback level at channel flange | ||
---|---|---|---|
Front edge | Weld line | Back edge | |
SMSTS | Same | Same | Same |
SMDT | High | Middle | Low |
DMST | High | Middle | Low |
DMDT | High | Middle | Low |
Experiment | Springback angle | Thick front edge | Weld line | Thin back edge |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. 1 | Wall angle θ1 | 4.60 | 6.38 | 4.12 |
No. 2 | Wall angle θ1 | 1.13 | 4.78 | 4.41 |
No. 3 | Wall angle θ1 | 3.75 | 4.12 | 3.01 |
Average | 4.18 | 5.25 | 3.56 | |
No. 1 | Flange angle θ2 | 14.03 | 14.03 | 9.92 |
No. 2 | Flange angle θ2 | 11.86 | 12.63 | 9.46 |
No. 3 | Flange angle θ2 | 11.31 | 11.76 | 9.46 |
Average | 12.67 | 12.89 | 9.69 |
Table 8 Springback angle at channel wall and flange for SMDT case
Experiment | Springback angle | Thick front edge | Weld line | Thin back edge |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. 1 | Wall angle θ1 | 4.60 | 6.38 | 4.12 |
No. 2 | Wall angle θ1 | 1.13 | 4.78 | 4.41 |
No. 3 | Wall angle θ1 | 3.75 | 4.12 | 3.01 |
Average | 4.18 | 5.25 | 3.56 | |
No. 1 | Flange angle θ2 | 14.03 | 14.03 | 9.92 |
No. 2 | Flange angle θ2 | 11.86 | 12.63 | 9.46 |
No. 3 | Flange angle θ2 | 11.31 | 11.76 | 9.46 |
Average | 12.67 | 12.89 | 9.69 |
Section | Springback level at channel wall | Springback level at channel flange | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Experiment | Simulation | Experiment | Simulation | |
Front edge | 4.18 (medium) | 3.67 (medium) | 12.67 (medium) | 6.04 (high) |
Weld line | 5.25 (high) | 4.74 (high) | 12.89 (high) | 5.83 (medium) |
Back edge | 3.56 (low) | 2.53 (low) | 9.69 (low) | 4.54 (low) |
Table 9 Comparison of springback level at channel wall and flange for SMDT case
Section | Springback level at channel wall | Springback level at channel flange | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Experiment | Simulation | Experiment | Simulation | |
Front edge | 4.18 (medium) | 3.67 (medium) | 12.67 (medium) | 6.04 (high) |
Weld line | 5.25 (high) | 4.74 (high) | 12.89 (high) | 5.83 (medium) |
Back edge | 3.56 (low) | 2.53 (low) | 9.69 (low) | 4.54 (low) |
[1] | E. Schubert, M. Klassen, I. Zerner, C. Walz, G. Sepold, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 115, 2(2001) |
[2] | A.M. Lokka, MIT, 1997 |
[3] | A.A. Zadpoor, J. Sinke, R. Benedictus, in Proceedings of International Deep-Drawing Research Group, Gyor-Hungary, 2007, ed. by M. Tisza |
[4] | R. Padmanabhan, A.J. Baptista, M.C. Oliveira, L.F. Menezes, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 184, 288(2007) |
[5] | B. Kinsey, Z. Liu, J. Cao, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 99, 145(2000) |
[6] | Y. Heo, Y. Choi, H.Y. Kim, D. Seo, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 111, 164(2001) |
[7] | R. Padmanabhan, M.C. Oliveira, H. Laurent, J.L. Alves, L.F. Menezes, Int. J. Mater. Form. 2, 829(2009) |
[8] | R. Wagoner, M. Li, Int. J. Plast. 23, 345(2007) |
[9] | N. Narasimhan, M. Lovell, Finite Elem. Anal. Des. 33, 29(1999) |
[10] | H.S. Cheng, J. Cao, Z. Xia, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 49, 267(2007) |
[11] | K. Li, W. Carden, R. Wagoner, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 44, 103(2002) |
[12] | J. Gau, G. Kinzel, Int. J. Mech. Sci. 43, 1813(2001) |
[13] | S. Lee, Y. Kim, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 187, 89(2007) |
[14] | K. Mori, K. Akita, Y. Abe, Int. J. Mech. Tools Manuf. 47, 321(2007) |
[15] | M.A. Lobdell, C.P. Nikhare, J.T. Roth, in Proceedings of International Deep-Drawing Research Group, Switzerland, 2013, ed. by P. Hora |
[16] | M.G. Lee, D. Kim, C. Kim, M.L. Wenner, K. Chung, Int. J. Plast. 21, 915(2005) |
[17] | J. Kim, W. Lee, K.H. Chung, D. Kim, C. Kim, K. Okamoto, R.H. Wagoner, K. Chung, Met. Mater. Int. 17, 83(2011) |
[18] | D.G. Seo, S.H. Chang, Y.M. Heo, Met. Mater. Int. 9, 571(2003) |
[19] | N.T. Nguyen, N. Chakraborti, F. Barlat, AIP Conf. Proc. 1567, 780(2013) |
[1] | Xing-Rong Chu, Lei Wang, Shu-Xia Lin, Zhen-Ming Yue, Jun Gao. Experimental Investigation on Formability of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy V-Bending Under Pulse Current [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(12): 1249-1257. |
[2] | Wenbo Zhao, T.Warren Liao, Lampros Kompotiatis. Stress and Springback Analyses of API X70 Pipeline Steel Under 3-Roller Bending via Finite Element Method [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2017, 30(5): 470-482. |
[3] | Zhen-Hu Duan, Hou-Fa Shen, Bai-Cheng Liu. A Numerical Study of the Effect of Multiple Pouring on Macrosegregation in a 438-Ton Steel Ingot [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(9): 1123-1133. |
[4] | Miklós Tisza, Zsolt Lukács. Formability Investigations of High-Strength Dual-Phase Steels [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(12): 1471-1481. |
[5] | Zu-Qi Hu, Xin-Jian Zhang, Shu-Sen Wu. Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Die-Filling Behavior of High-Performance Die-Cast Al-Mg-Si-Mn Alloy [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(11): 1344-1353. |
[6] | Zhenmin WANG, Fang YAN,Pengcheng ZHAO. Numerical Simulation of the Dynamic Behaviors of a Gas Tungsten Welding Arc for Joining Magnesium Alloy AZ61A [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2013, 26(5): 588-596. |
[7] | Wenchun JIANG, Bin YANG, Xuewei GUAN and Yun LUO. Bending and Twisting Springback Prediction in the Punching of the Core for a Lattice Truss Sandwich Structure [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2013, 26(3): 241-246. |
[8] | Dean DENG, Yangang TONG, Ninshu MA, Hidekazu MURAKAWA. Prediction of the Residual Welding Stress in 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel by Taking into Account the Effect of the Solid-State Phase Transformations [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2013, 26(3): 333-339. |
[9] | Guoxiang XU, Chuansong WU, Xuezhou MA, Xuyou WANG. Numerical Analysis of Welding Residual Stress and Distortion in Laser+GMAW Hybrid Welding of Aluminum Alloy T-Joint [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2013, 26(3): 352-360. |
[10] | Junqiu ZHANG, Zhiwu HAN,Wei YIN, Huiyuan WANG,Chao GE, Jialian JIANG. Numerical Experiment of the Solid Particle Erosion of Bionic Configuration Blade of Centrifugal Fan [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2013, 26(1): 16-24. |
[11] | Wen ZHENG,Min WANG,Liang KONG,Xuanting CHENG,Ming LEI . Parameter optimization of dissimilar resistance spot welding on ultra-high strength hot-stamped steel and mild steel by numerical simulation [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2012, 25(6): 487-498. |
[12] | Prosenjit Das, Sudip K. Samanta, Himadri Chattopadhyay,Pradip Dutta. Effect of pouring temperature on cooling slope casting of semi-solid Al-Si-Mg alloy [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2012, 25(5): 329-339. |
[13] | Shude JI,AiliZOU, Yumei YUE, Guohong LUAN,Yanye JIN, Fu LI. Numerical simulation of effect of rotational tool with screw on material flow behavior of friction stir welding of Ti6Al4V alloy [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2012, 25(5): 365-373. |
[14] | Haichao CUI, Fenggui LU, Xinhua TANG,Shun YAO. Particles migration behavior during laser keyhole welding of ZL101/TiB2 composites [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2012, 25(3): 190-200. |
[15] | Huawei ZHANG, Lizhong LIU, Ping HU,Xianghua LIU. Springback characteristics in U-channel forming of tailor rolled blank [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2012, 25(3): 207-213. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||