金属学报英文版 ›› 2020, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 1064-1076.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-020-01040-0
收稿日期:
2019-10-29
修回日期:
2019-12-10
出版日期:
2020-08-10
发布日期:
2020-08-06
Yongfei Juan1, Jiao Zhang1(), Yongbing Dai1, Qing Dong1, Yanfeng Han1
Received:
2019-10-29
Revised:
2019-12-10
Online:
2020-08-10
Published:
2020-08-06
Contact:
Jiao Zhang
. [J]. 金属学报英文版, 2020, 33(8): 1064-1076.
Yongfei Juan, Jiao Zhang, Yongbing Dai, Qing Dong, Yanfeng Han. Designing Rules of Laser-Clad High-Entropy Alloy Coatings with Simple Solid Solution Phases[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(8): 1064-1076.
Substrates | Coatings or areas | μ | ε | δ | γ | α | ΔSmix | ΔHmix | Ω | VEC | Phase | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNi | 3.5s | - | 0.97 | - | - | 11.52 | - 3.75 | 5.96 | 8.52 | fcc | [ |
Pure iron | AlCoCrFeNiTi0.5 | - | - | 12.62 | 1.0086 | 1.50 | 14.43 | - 14.07 | 1.81 | 7.43 | fcc | [ |
A steel plate | CoCrFeMnNi | - | - | 0.48 | 1.0087 | 0.12 | 13.37 | - 4.12 | 5.80 | 7.96 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | CoCrFeMnNi | - | - | 0.32 | 1.0078 | 0.05 | 12.56 | - 3.23 | 6.85 | 7.55 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.15CoCrFeNi | - | 0.99 | 1.77 | 1.0069 | 0.27 | 12.42 | - 5.48 | 4.14 | 8.04 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.20CoCrFeNi | - | 1.11 | 1.97 | 1.0069 | 0.33 | 12.56 | - 5.82 | 3.92 | 7.98 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.24CoCrFeNi | - | 1.21 | 2.15 | 1.0326 | 0.39 | 12.68 | - 6.25 | 3.67 | 7.91 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.28CoCrFeNi | - | 1.29 | 2.30 | 1.0069 | 0.45 | 12.78 | - 6.61 | 3.48 | 7.88 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.28CoCrFeNi | - | 1.29 | 2.30 | 1.0069 | 0.45 | 12.78 | - 6.63 | 3.48 | 7.85 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.34CoCrFeNi | - | 1.41 | 2.50 | 1.0069 | 0.51 | 12.91 | - 7.17 | 3.22 | 7.83 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.37CoCrFeNi | - | 1.45 | 2.58 | 1.0069 | 0.54 | 12.96 | - 7.31 | 3.16 | 7.79 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr0.5NiB | 2.36 | 5.47 | 10.10 | 1.0062 | 2.14 | 12.23 | - 10.28 | 2.21 | 8.22 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCrNiB | 2.36 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 1.0061 | 0.05 | 11.05 | - 2.77 | 7.20 | 8.67 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr1.5NiB | 2.36 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.24 | - 3.04 | 6.74 | 8.55 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr2.0NiB | 2.36 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.46 | - 3.47 | 6.08 | 8.40 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr3.0NiB | 2.36 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.37 | - 3.89 | 5.51 | 7.99 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.25 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 1.0087 | 0.07 | 13.20 | - 3.05 | 8.19 | 8.11 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.50 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 1.0087 | 0.07 | 13.03 | - 2.66 | 9.21 | 8.34 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.75 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 1.0087 | 0.06 | 12.53 | - 2.29 | 10.17 | 8.51 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0) | 6.79 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.9085 | 0.05 | 11.05 | - 2.77 | 7.20 | 8.67 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0-900) | 6.79 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.9085 | 0.05 | 10.77 | - 2.59 | 7.49 | 8.81 | fcc | [ |
AZ31Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNiSi0.5(ID) | 2.39 | 3.59 | 6.22 | 1.1691 | 1.48 | 13.94 | - 11.86 | 1.78 | 7.65 | fcc | [ |
AZ31Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNiSi0.5(Shell) | 2.39 | 3.71 | 6.41 | 1.1691 | 1.49 | 13.97 | - 14.16 | 1.52 | 7.35 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.50(A) | 3.54 | 5.40 | 10.00 | 1.007 | 2.11 | 12.54 | - 10.61 | 2.23 | 7.89 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.75(A) | 3.54 | 5.72 | 10.90 | 1.0071 | 2.74 | 12.62 | - 10.70 | 2.17 | 7.71 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(A) | 3.54 | 4.41 | 8.09 | 1.0061 | 1.46 | 11.91 | - 7.67 | 2.87 | 8.19 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(A) | 3.54 | 5.00 | 9.21 | 1.0061 | 1.84 | 12.25 | - 9.15 | 2.48 | 8.19 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeNi(DR) | 0.91 | 0.54 | 0.97 | 1.007 | 0.34 | 11.14 | - 3.99 | 5.21 | 7.96 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeNi(ID) | 0.91 | 0.14 | 1.92 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.03 | - 4.00 | 5.13 | 7.76 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTi0.5Ni(DR) | 0.91 | 1.60 | 3.11 | 1.0069 | 0.39 | 11.71 | - 5.82 | 3.81 | 7.63 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTi0.5Ni(ID) | 0.91 | 4.32 | 7.46 | 1.0068 | 1.55 | 12.25 | - 14.53 | 1.61 | 7.30 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTiNi(DR) | 0.91 | 2.02 | 3.97 | 1.0069 | 0.59 | 11.71 | - 6.58 | 3.36 | 7.55 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTiNi(ID) | 0.91 | 3.28 | 8.51 | 1.1908 | 1.23 | 12.65 | - 12.82 | 1.73 | 7.78 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.41CoCrFeNi | - | 1.52 | 2.70 | 1.0069 | 0.58 | 13.03 | - 7.72 | 2.99 | 7.78 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.48CoCrFeNi | - | 1.62 | 2.87 | 1.1069 | 0.65 | 13.13 | - 8.24 | 2.80 | 7.68 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.52CoCrFeNi | - | 1.66 | 2.95 | 1.1069 | 0.67 | 13.17 | - 8.45 | 2.73 | 7.64 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.54CoCrFeNi | - | 1.99 | 3.60 | 1.1077 | 0.79 | 13.10 | - 8.37 | 2.68 | 7.51 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.69CoCrFeNi | - | 1.85 | 3.268 | 1.1067 | 0.78 | 13.30 | - 9.52 | 2.41 | 7.48 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.69CoCrFeNi | - | 1.85 | 3.268 | 1.1067 | 0.78 | 13.30 | - 9.52 | 2.41 | 7.48 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.71CoCrFeNi | - | 1.86 | 3.29 | 1.1067 | 0.79 | 13.31 | - 9.60 | 2.39 | 7.47 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.78CoCrFeNi | - | 1.92 | 3.40 | 1.1067 | 0.82 | 13.34 | - 9.88 | 2.31 | 7.37 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.82CoCrFeNi | - | 1.96 | 3.46 | 1.1066 | 0.83 | 13.36 | - 10.26 | 2.22 | 7.36 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.83CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.96 | 3.46 | 1.1066 | 0.83 | 13.36 | - 10.24 | 2.22 | 7.35 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.85CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.97 | 3.48 | 1.1066 | 0.84 | 13.36 | - 10.31 | 2.20 | 7.33 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.86CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.98 | 3.50 | 1.1066 | 0.84 | 13.36 | - 10.38 | 2.19 | 7.33 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.92CoCrF]eNi | - | 2.03 | 3.58 | 1.1066 | 0.86 | 13.38 | - 10.73 | 2.10 | 7.26 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al1.06CoCr]FeNi | - | 2.12 | 3.72 | 1.1065 | 0.89 | 13.38 | - 11.27 | 1.98 | 7.14 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al1.06CoC]rFeNi | - | 2.12 | 3.73 | 1.1065 | 0.89 | 13.38 | - 11.36 | 1.96 | 7.17 | fcc + bcc | [ |
1100 Al | AlCrFeC]oNi | 3.89 | 3.33 | 5.88 | 1.1705 | 1.21 | 11.58 | - 8.06 | 2.43 | 6.68 | fcc + bcc | [ |
45# steel | Al2.0CrF]eCoCuNi (upper region)] | 1.76 | 3.28 | 5.69 | 1.1693 | 1.26 | 14.85 | - 5.26 | 4.53 | 7.59 | fcc + bcc | [ |
45# steel | Al2.0CrF]eCoCuNi (central region)] | 1.76 | 3.09 | 5.39 | 1.1696 | 1.19 | 14.80 | - 3.93 | 6.13 | 7.73 | fcc + bcc | [ |
AZ91 Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNi | 1.32 | 3.11 | 5.42 | 1.1686 | 1.22 | 14.82 | - 5.91 | 4.09 | 7.63 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | CoCrFeAlCu | 3.54 | 3.22 | 5.58 | 1.1692 | 1.32 | 13.38 | - 1.02 | 20.97 | 7.47 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrAlCu(ID) | 3.54 | 2.33 | 4.07 | 1.1697 | 0.89 | 11.03 | 6.36 | 2.62 | 9.01 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrAlCu(DR) | 3.54 | 2.59 | 4.57 | 1.1704 | 0.96 | 12.47 | - 1.74 | 12.34 | 7.57 | bcc | [ |
Fe-Armco | TiZrNbMoV(300 W) | - | 4.51 | 6.97 | 1.2404 | 1.42 | 13.25 | - 2.18 | 14.35 | 4.71 | bcc | [ |
Fe-Armco | TiZrNbMoV(1000 W) | - | 4.82 | 7.78 | 1.2453 | 1.55 | 13.05 | - 2.32 | 12.61 | 4.58 | bcc | [ |
Q235 steel | MoFeCrTiWAl | 8.49 | - | 6.00 | - | - | 14.90 | - 12.56 | 2.70 | 5.50 | bcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0) | 6.79 | 9.32 | 19.32 | 1.5551 | 2.94 | 11.82 | - 27.68 | 0.92 | 5.98 | fcc + Cr2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0-900) | 6.79 | 9.30 | 19.26 | 1.5547 | 3.03 | 12.01 | - 27.33 | 0.94 | 6.05 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5) | 6.79 | 9.89 | 21.31 | 1.6637 | 3.50 | 13.81 | - 38.48 | 0.85 | 5.64 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5) | 6.79 | 10.03 | 20.64 | 1.6477 | 3.88 | 12.49 | - 48.22 | 0.66 | 6.12 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5-900) | 6.79 | 9.64 | 20.40 | 1.6573 | 3.33 | 13.09 | - 33.33 | 0.88 | 5.73 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5-900) | 6.79 | 10.21 | 21.85 | 1.6613 | 3.64 | 13.31 | - 46.93 | 0.72 | 5.75 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10) | 6.79 | 10.02 | 22.85 | 1.684 | 4.00 | 12.96 | - 43.26 | 0.80 | 5.34 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10) | 6.79 | 10.37 | 22.04 | 1.659 | 3.31 | 12.02 | - 51.30 | 0.62 | 5.90 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10-900) | 6.79 | 9.96 | 22.40 | 1.6791 | 3.70 | 12.99 | - 40.31 | 0.81 | 5.42 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10-900) | 6.79 | 10.34 | 22.79 | 1.6719 | 3.10 | 12.75 | - 48.54 | 0.70 | 5.59 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr0.5NiB | 8.15 | 9.41 | 19.76 | 1.5587 | 2.77 | 12.02 | - 27.02 | 0.94 | 5.86 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCrNiB | 8.15 | 9.43 | 19.79 | 1.5587 | 2.68 | 11.72 | - 28.06 | 0.90 | 5.61 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr1.5NiB | 8.15 | 9.48 | 20.01 | 1.5603 | 2.20 | 10.66 | - 29.07 | 0.80 | 5.27 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr2.0NiB | 8.15 | 9.49 | 20.00 | 1.5610 | 1.93 | 9.89 | - 29.52 | 0.74 | 5.12 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr3.0NiB | 8.15 | 9.46 | 19.87 | 1.5587 | 1.73 | 9.07 | - 29.67 | 0.68 | 5.03 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.5(B) | 3.54 | 6.44 | 12.11 | 1.5231 | 2.80 | 12.93 | - 14.58 | 1.73 | 7.35 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.75(B) | 3.54 | 5.98 | 11.16 | 1.5211 | 2.51 | 12.9 | - 12.86 | 1.93 | 7.58 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(B) | 3.54 | 6.19 | 11.58 | 1.5221 | 2.62 | 12.72 | - 13.35 | 1.84 | 7.54 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(C) | 3.54 | 6.41 | 12.05 | 1.523 | 2.71 | 12.19 | - 14.53 | 1.66 | 7.02 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(B) | 3.54 | 6.05 | 11.31 | 1.5215 | 2.53 | 12.65 | - 12.30 | 1.94 | 7.96 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(C) | 3.54 | 6.65 | 12.54 | 1.5241 | 2.83 | 12.06 | - 15.63 | 1.55 | 6.83 | fcc + M3B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.75 | 2.36 | 9.23 | 18.95 | 1.5538 | 3.06 | 9.91 | - 8.94 | 2.35 | 5.96 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB | 2.36 | 9.25 | 19.08 | 1.5550 | 3.06 | 10.06 | - 11.39 | 1.86 | 5.95 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrNiB | 5.10 | 8.17 | 15.99 | 1.5346 | 3.69 | 13.22 | - 21.37 | 1.24 | 6.89 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrNiB0.5 | 3.54 | - | 8.00 | - | - | 13.15 | - 13.30 | 1.84 | 7.70 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiW | 8.49 | - | 6.10 | - | - | 13.38 | - 5.76 | 5.80 | 6.00 | bcc + IM | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiWSi | 8.49 | - | 7.50 | - | - | 14.90 | - 24.89 | 1.40 | 5.70 | bcc + IM | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiWSiAl | 8.49 | - | 7.30 | - | - | 16.18 | - 24.57 | 1.40 | 5.30 | bcc + IM | [ |
Table 1 Calculated values of the nine criterions μ, ε, δ, γ, α, ΔSmix, ΔHmix, Ω and VEC based on a large number of data obtained from the publicly reported references related to laser cladding, in which, intermetallic component phase was represented by IM, industrial pure iron is abbreviated to pure iron, magnesium is abbreviated to Mg
Substrates | Coatings or areas | μ | ε | δ | γ | α | ΔSmix | ΔHmix | Ω | VEC | Phase | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNi | 3.5s | - | 0.97 | - | - | 11.52 | - 3.75 | 5.96 | 8.52 | fcc | [ |
Pure iron | AlCoCrFeNiTi0.5 | - | - | 12.62 | 1.0086 | 1.50 | 14.43 | - 14.07 | 1.81 | 7.43 | fcc | [ |
A steel plate | CoCrFeMnNi | - | - | 0.48 | 1.0087 | 0.12 | 13.37 | - 4.12 | 5.80 | 7.96 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | CoCrFeMnNi | - | - | 0.32 | 1.0078 | 0.05 | 12.56 | - 3.23 | 6.85 | 7.55 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.15CoCrFeNi | - | 0.99 | 1.77 | 1.0069 | 0.27 | 12.42 | - 5.48 | 4.14 | 8.04 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.20CoCrFeNi | - | 1.11 | 1.97 | 1.0069 | 0.33 | 12.56 | - 5.82 | 3.92 | 7.98 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.24CoCrFeNi | - | 1.21 | 2.15 | 1.0326 | 0.39 | 12.68 | - 6.25 | 3.67 | 7.91 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.28CoCrFeNi | - | 1.29 | 2.30 | 1.0069 | 0.45 | 12.78 | - 6.61 | 3.48 | 7.88 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.28CoCrFeNi | - | 1.29 | 2.30 | 1.0069 | 0.45 | 12.78 | - 6.63 | 3.48 | 7.85 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.34CoCrFeNi | - | 1.41 | 2.50 | 1.0069 | 0.51 | 12.91 | - 7.17 | 3.22 | 7.83 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.37CoCrFeNi | - | 1.45 | 2.58 | 1.0069 | 0.54 | 12.96 | - 7.31 | 3.16 | 7.79 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr0.5NiB | 2.36 | 5.47 | 10.10 | 1.0062 | 2.14 | 12.23 | - 10.28 | 2.21 | 8.22 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCrNiB | 2.36 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 1.0061 | 0.05 | 11.05 | - 2.77 | 7.20 | 8.67 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr1.5NiB | 2.36 | 0.15 | 0.27 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.24 | - 3.04 | 6.74 | 8.55 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr2.0NiB | 2.36 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.46 | - 3.47 | 6.08 | 8.40 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr3.0NiB | 2.36 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.37 | - 3.89 | 5.51 | 7.99 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.25 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 1.0087 | 0.07 | 13.20 | - 3.05 | 8.19 | 8.11 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.50 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 1.0087 | 0.07 | 13.03 | - 2.66 | 9.21 | 8.34 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.75 | 2.36 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 1.0087 | 0.06 | 12.53 | - 2.29 | 10.17 | 8.51 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0) | 6.79 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.9085 | 0.05 | 11.05 | - 2.77 | 7.20 | 8.67 | fcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0-900) | 6.79 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.9085 | 0.05 | 10.77 | - 2.59 | 7.49 | 8.81 | fcc | [ |
AZ31Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNiSi0.5(ID) | 2.39 | 3.59 | 6.22 | 1.1691 | 1.48 | 13.94 | - 11.86 | 1.78 | 7.65 | fcc | [ |
AZ31Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNiSi0.5(Shell) | 2.39 | 3.71 | 6.41 | 1.1691 | 1.49 | 13.97 | - 14.16 | 1.52 | 7.35 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.50(A) | 3.54 | 5.40 | 10.00 | 1.007 | 2.11 | 12.54 | - 10.61 | 2.23 | 7.89 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.75(A) | 3.54 | 5.72 | 10.90 | 1.0071 | 2.74 | 12.62 | - 10.70 | 2.17 | 7.71 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(A) | 3.54 | 4.41 | 8.09 | 1.0061 | 1.46 | 11.91 | - 7.67 | 2.87 | 8.19 | fcc | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(A) | 3.54 | 5.00 | 9.21 | 1.0061 | 1.84 | 12.25 | - 9.15 | 2.48 | 8.19 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeNi(DR) | 0.91 | 0.54 | 0.97 | 1.007 | 0.34 | 11.14 | - 3.99 | 5.21 | 7.96 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeNi(ID) | 0.91 | 0.14 | 1.92 | 1.0069 | 0.05 | 11.03 | - 4.00 | 5.13 | 7.76 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTi0.5Ni(DR) | 0.91 | 1.60 | 3.11 | 1.0069 | 0.39 | 11.71 | - 5.82 | 3.81 | 7.63 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTi0.5Ni(ID) | 0.91 | 4.32 | 7.46 | 1.0068 | 1.55 | 12.25 | - 14.53 | 1.61 | 7.30 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTiNi(DR) | 0.91 | 2.02 | 3.97 | 1.0069 | 0.59 | 11.71 | - 6.58 | 3.36 | 7.55 | fcc | [ |
904L steel | CoCr2FeTiNi(ID) | 0.91 | 3.28 | 8.51 | 1.1908 | 1.23 | 12.65 | - 12.82 | 1.73 | 7.78 | fcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.41CoCrFeNi | - | 1.52 | 2.70 | 1.0069 | 0.58 | 13.03 | - 7.72 | 2.99 | 7.78 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.48CoCrFeNi | - | 1.62 | 2.87 | 1.1069 | 0.65 | 13.13 | - 8.24 | 2.80 | 7.68 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.52CoCrFeNi | - | 1.66 | 2.95 | 1.1069 | 0.67 | 13.17 | - 8.45 | 2.73 | 7.64 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.54CoCrFeNi | - | 1.99 | 3.60 | 1.1077 | 0.79 | 13.10 | - 8.37 | 2.68 | 7.51 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.69CoCrFeNi | - | 1.85 | 3.268 | 1.1067 | 0.78 | 13.30 | - 9.52 | 2.41 | 7.48 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.69CoCrFeNi | - | 1.85 | 3.268 | 1.1067 | 0.78 | 13.30 | - 9.52 | 2.41 | 7.48 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.71CoCrFeNi | - | 1.86 | 3.29 | 1.1067 | 0.79 | 13.31 | - 9.60 | 2.39 | 7.47 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.78CoCrFeNi | - | 1.92 | 3.40 | 1.1067 | 0.82 | 13.34 | - 9.88 | 2.31 | 7.37 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.82CoCrFeNi | - | 1.96 | 3.46 | 1.1066 | 0.83 | 13.36 | - 10.26 | 2.22 | 7.36 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.83CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.96 | 3.46 | 1.1066 | 0.83 | 13.36 | - 10.24 | 2.22 | 7.35 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.85CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.97 | 3.48 | 1.1066 | 0.84 | 13.36 | - 10.31 | 2.20 | 7.33 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.86CoCrFe]Ni | - | 1.98 | 3.50 | 1.1066 | 0.84 | 13.36 | - 10.38 | 2.19 | 7.33 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al0.92CoCrF]eNi | - | 2.03 | 3.58 | 1.1066 | 0.86 | 13.38 | - 10.73 | 2.10 | 7.26 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al1.06CoCr]FeNi | - | 2.12 | 3.72 | 1.1065 | 0.89 | 13.38 | - 11.27 | 1.98 | 7.14 | fcc + bcc | [ |
CoCrFeNi | Al1.06CoC]rFeNi | - | 2.12 | 3.73 | 1.1065 | 0.89 | 13.38 | - 11.36 | 1.96 | 7.17 | fcc + bcc | [ |
1100 Al | AlCrFeC]oNi | 3.89 | 3.33 | 5.88 | 1.1705 | 1.21 | 11.58 | - 8.06 | 2.43 | 6.68 | fcc + bcc | [ |
45# steel | Al2.0CrF]eCoCuNi (upper region)] | 1.76 | 3.28 | 5.69 | 1.1693 | 1.26 | 14.85 | - 5.26 | 4.53 | 7.59 | fcc + bcc | [ |
45# steel | Al2.0CrF]eCoCuNi (central region)] | 1.76 | 3.09 | 5.39 | 1.1696 | 1.19 | 14.80 | - 3.93 | 6.13 | 7.73 | fcc + bcc | [ |
AZ91 Mg | AlCoCrCuFeNi | 1.32 | 3.11 | 5.42 | 1.1686 | 1.22 | 14.82 | - 5.91 | 4.09 | 7.63 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | CoCrFeAlCu | 3.54 | 3.22 | 5.58 | 1.1692 | 1.32 | 13.38 | - 1.02 | 20.97 | 7.47 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrAlCu(ID) | 3.54 | 2.33 | 4.07 | 1.1697 | 0.89 | 11.03 | 6.36 | 2.62 | 9.01 | bcc | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrAlCu(DR) | 3.54 | 2.59 | 4.57 | 1.1704 | 0.96 | 12.47 | - 1.74 | 12.34 | 7.57 | bcc | [ |
Fe-Armco | TiZrNbMoV(300 W) | - | 4.51 | 6.97 | 1.2404 | 1.42 | 13.25 | - 2.18 | 14.35 | 4.71 | bcc | [ |
Fe-Armco | TiZrNbMoV(1000 W) | - | 4.82 | 7.78 | 1.2453 | 1.55 | 13.05 | - 2.32 | 12.61 | 4.58 | bcc | [ |
Q235 steel | MoFeCrTiWAl | 8.49 | - | 6.00 | - | - | 14.90 | - 12.56 | 2.70 | 5.50 | bcc | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0) | 6.79 | 9.32 | 19.32 | 1.5551 | 2.94 | 11.82 | - 27.68 | 0.92 | 5.98 | fcc + Cr2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNi(SiC-0-900) | 6.79 | 9.30 | 19.26 | 1.5547 | 3.03 | 12.01 | - 27.33 | 0.94 | 6.05 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5) | 6.79 | 9.89 | 21.31 | 1.6637 | 3.50 | 13.81 | - 38.48 | 0.85 | 5.64 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5) | 6.79 | 10.03 | 20.64 | 1.6477 | 3.88 | 12.49 | - 48.22 | 0.66 | 6.12 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5-900) | 6.79 | 9.64 | 20.40 | 1.6573 | 3.33 | 13.09 | - 33.33 | 0.88 | 5.73 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-5-900) | 6.79 | 10.21 | 21.85 | 1.6613 | 3.64 | 13.31 | - 46.93 | 0.72 | 5.75 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10) | 6.79 | 10.02 | 22.85 | 1.684 | 4.00 | 12.96 | - 43.26 | 0.80 | 5.34 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10) | 6.79 | 10.37 | 22.04 | 1.659 | 3.31 | 12.02 | - 51.30 | 0.62 | 5.90 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10-900) | 6.79 | 9.96 | 22.40 | 1.6791 | 3.70 | 12.99 | - 40.31 | 0.81 | 5.42 | fcc + Fe2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrCoNiCBSi(SiC-10-900) | 6.79 | 10.34 | 22.79 | 1.6719 | 3.10 | 12.75 | - 48.54 | 0.70 | 5.59 | fcc + M7C3 | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr0.5NiB | 8.15 | 9.41 | 19.76 | 1.5587 | 2.77 | 12.02 | - 27.02 | 0.94 | 5.86 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCrNiB | 8.15 | 9.43 | 19.79 | 1.5587 | 2.68 | 11.72 | - 28.06 | 0.90 | 5.61 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr1.5NiB | 8.15 | 9.48 | 20.01 | 1.5603 | 2.20 | 10.66 | - 29.07 | 0.80 | 5.27 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr2.0NiB | 8.15 | 9.49 | 20.00 | 1.5610 | 1.93 | 9.89 | - 29.52 | 0.74 | 5.12 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCoCr3.0NiB | 8.15 | 9.46 | 19.87 | 1.5587 | 1.73 | 9.07 | - 29.67 | 0.68 | 5.03 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.5(B) | 3.54 | 6.44 | 12.11 | 1.5231 | 2.80 | 12.93 | - 14.58 | 1.73 | 7.35 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB0.75(B) | 3.54 | 5.98 | 11.16 | 1.5211 | 2.51 | 12.9 | - 12.86 | 1.93 | 7.58 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(B) | 3.54 | 6.19 | 11.58 | 1.5221 | 2.62 | 12.72 | - 13.35 | 1.84 | 7.54 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB(C) | 3.54 | 6.41 | 12.05 | 1.523 | 2.71 | 12.19 | - 14.53 | 1.66 | 7.02 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(B) | 3.54 | 6.05 | 11.31 | 1.5215 | 2.53 | 12.65 | - 12.30 | 1.94 | 7.96 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 steel | FeCoCrNiB1.25(C) | 3.54 | 6.65 | 12.54 | 1.5241 | 2.83 | 12.06 | - 15.63 | 1.55 | 6.83 | fcc + M3B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB0.75 | 2.36 | 9.23 | 18.95 | 1.5538 | 3.06 | 9.91 | - 8.94 | 2.35 | 5.96 | fcc + M2B | [ |
45# steel | FeCrNiCoMnB | 2.36 | 9.25 | 19.08 | 1.5550 | 3.06 | 10.06 | - 11.39 | 1.86 | 5.95 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrNiB | 5.10 | 8.17 | 15.99 | 1.5346 | 3.69 | 13.22 | - 21.37 | 1.24 | 6.89 | fcc + M3B | [ |
Q235 | FeCoCrNiB0.5 | 3.54 | - | 8.00 | - | - | 13.15 | - 13.30 | 1.84 | 7.70 | fcc + M2B | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiW | 8.49 | - | 6.10 | - | - | 13.38 | - 5.76 | 5.80 | 6.00 | bcc + IM | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiWSi | 8.49 | - | 7.50 | - | - | 14.90 | - 24.89 | 1.40 | 5.70 | bcc + IM | [ |
Q235 | MoFeCrTiWSiAl | 8.49 | - | 7.30 | - | - | 16.18 | - 24.57 | 1.40 | 5.30 | bcc + IM | [ |
Fig. 1 Effects of μ on the phase stability for HEA coatings fabricated by laser cladding process. The digits on the identification point mean the number of occurrences of the corresponding phases
Fig. 2 Effects of atomic size difference on the phase stability for HEA coatings fabricated by laser cladding process: a effects of ε on the phase stability; b effects of δ on the phase stability; c effects of α on the phase stability; d effects of γ on the phase stability
Fig. 4 Effects of thermodynamic on the phase stability for HEA coatings fabricated by laser cladding process: a effects of ΔSmix on the phase stability; b effects of ΔHmix on the phase stability; c effects of Ω on the phase stability
Fig. 7 Superposed effects of process parameters, atomic size difference and thermodynamic on the phase stability for HEA coatings fabricated by laser cladding process: a the superposed effects of ε and μ on the phase stability; b the effects of ε and ΔHmix on the phase stability
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