Tribological Characterization of Commercial Pure Titanium Processed by Multi-Directional Forging

doi:10.1007/s40195-019-00877-4

Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2019, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 857-868.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-019-00877-4

收稿日期:2018-10-28 修回日期:2018-11-26 接受日期:2019-02-20 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-06-20

Tribological Characterization of Commercial Pure Titanium Processed by Multi-Directional Forging

I. Ansarian ¹,M. H. Shaeri ¹(), M. Ebrahimi ², P. Minárik ³

1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), P.O. Box 34148-96818, Qazvin, Iran
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box 55136-533, Maragheh, Iran
3. Department of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic;

Received:2018-10-28 Revised:2018-11-26 Accepted:2019-02-20 Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-06-20
Contact: M. H. Shaeri, shaeri@ENG.ikiu.ac.ir

摘要/Abstract

Abstract: This work discusses tribological properties of commercial pure (CP) titanium processed by multi-directional forging (MDF) up to six passes at room temperature and 220 °C. For this purpose, wear test was conducted by dry sliding pin-on-disk method on the initial and ultrafine grained samples using different stress magnitudes of 1, 1.5 and 2 MPa. The results showed that wear resistance of CP titanium increases after the first pass of MDF in comparison with the initial condition, irrespective of the applied normal stress. For example, the average wear rate of MDFed samples was decreased about 30% and 24%, after first pass at room temperature and 220 °C, respectively. However, average wear rate of the samples processed by six MDF passes was reduced about 40% at lower normal loads; it was increased about 9% at higher ones as compared to the initial condition. It was also found that the dominated wear mechanisms were abrasive and delaminated at the lower stresses, while the delamination mechanism was intensified and a slight adhesion was observed during the higher applied normal loads.

Key words: Multi-directional forging, Commercial pure titanium, Tribological behavior, Wear mechanisms

. [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(7): 857-868.

I. Ansarian, M. H. Shaeri, M. Ebrahimi, P. Minárik. Tribological Characterization of Commercial Pure Titanium Processed by Multi-Directional Forging[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(7): 857-868.

图/表 8

Fig. 1 EBSD maps of CP titanium after a annealing, b six passes at room temperature, c six passes at 220 °C (ND normal direction, TD transverse direction)

Table 1 Mechanical properties of CP titanium before and after MDF process up to six passes at both room temperature (RT) and 220 °C

Condition	Vickers hardness (HV)	Shear yield strength (MPa)	Tensile yield strength (MPa)
As-received	136?±?7.27	207?±?14	228?±?17.15
One pass at RT	209?±?4.71	393?±?11.8	433?±?24.3
One pass at 220 °C	183?±?10.71	290?±?3.5	335?±?7.5
Three passes at RT	246?±?4.71	450?±?1.0	560?±?35.2
Three passes at 220 °C	225?±?12.8	406?±?5.0	450?±?37.41
Six passes at RT	268?±?16.53	497?±?13	615?±?21.6
Six passes at 220 °C	235?±?9.14	450?±?2.0	593?±?12.5

Fig. 2 Variation of wear rate versus pass number of MDF-processed CP titanium at room and high temperatures in applied normal stresses of a 1 MPa, b 1.5 MPa, c 2 MPa

Fig. 3 Variation of friction coefficient vs. sliding distance of CP titanium during MDF process up to six passes with applied normal stresses of 1 MPa a, b, 2 MPa c, d operating at room temperature a, c, 220 °C b, d, mean friction coefficients of samples before and after MDF process at room temperature e, 220 °C f

Fig. 4 SEM images of worn surfaces during applied normal stress of 1 MPa for a initial condition, b six passes at 220 °C, c six passes at room temperature, d EDS analysis of points A-C in c

Fig. 5 SEM images of worn surface during applied normal stress of 2 MPa for a initial condition, b six passes at 220 °C, c six passes at room temperature, EDS analysis of points A and B in d, c, e

Fig. 6 SEM images of abrasive particles during applied normal stress of 2 MPa for a initial condition, b six passes at 220 °C, c six passes at room temperature, EDS analysis of d points A-C in a, e points A and B in c

Fig. 7 SEM images of abrasive particles during applied normal stress of 1 MPa for a initial condition, b six passes at 220 °C, c six passes at room temperature

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Tribological Characterization of Commercial Pure Titanium Processed by Multi-Directional Forging

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