Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2019, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1122-1134.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-019-00898-z
Special Issue: 2019年镁合金专辑
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Hong-Xuan Zhang1,2, Shuai-Feng Chen1, Ming Cheng1(), Ce Zheng1,3, Shi-Hong Zhang1
Received:
2018-11-30
Revised:
2019-01-14
Online:
2019-09-10
Published:
2019-08-06
Hong-Xuan Zhang, Shuai-Feng Chen, Ming Cheng, Ce Zheng, Shi-Hong Zhang. Modeling the Dynamic Recrystallization of Mg-11Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.4Zr Alloy Considering Non-uniform Deformation and LPSO Kinking During Hot Compression[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(9): 1122-1134.
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Gd | Y | Zn | Zr | Mg |
---|---|---|---|---|
10.8 | 3.93 | 1.94 | 0.37 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of GWZK114 (wt%)
Gd | Y | Zn | Zr | Mg |
---|---|---|---|---|
10.8 | 3.93 | 1.94 | 0.37 | Bal. |
Fig. 1 Microstructure of as-casted specimen: a OM image; TEM images of b intergranular phase, c intragranular phase, with their SAED patterns shown at the right side; as-homogenized specimen: d OM image; TEM images of e intergranular phase, f intragranular phase, with their SAED patterns shown at the right side
Fig. 5 EBSD analysis of microstructure at the temperature of 450 °C and strain rate of 0.01 s-1 with compressive strain being a 0.4, b 0.8, c 1.2, d enlarge image of dash circle shown in a, e enlarge image of white arrows shown in b, f enlarge image of dash square shown in c. The white lines represent low-angle grain boundaries with their misorientation angle between 2° and 15°, black lines are high-angle boundary with misorientation angle larger than 15°. The black block is the non-indexed intergranular phase
Fig. 7 Relationships among stress, strain rate and temperature: a ln|σ| versus ln$\dot{\varepsilon }$; bσ versus ln$\dot{\varepsilon }$; c ln sinh(ασ) versus ln$\dot{\varepsilon }$; dln sinh(ασ) versus 1/T
Fig. 8 Strain evolution of selected points (P1-P6) in specimen compressed at 450 °C to a strain of 1.2 (compression displacement 8.4 mm). The analytical strain (hollow dot) was calculated by $\varepsilon = - \ln (1 - h/H_{0} )$, h is height of compressed cylinder and H0 is initial height of cylinder, 12 mm
Fig. 9 Microstructure of specimens deformed at 450 °C and 0.01 s-1: OM images at true strains a 0.4 (0.85); b 0.8 (2.06) and c 1.2 (2.5); DRX grains extracted from EBSD tests in Fig. 5; d true strain 0.4 (0.85); e true strain 0.8 (2.06); f true strain 1.2 (2.5). The strains in the brackets are the local true strain
X DRX | Local true strain | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 1.55 | 2.06 | 2.5 | |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (OM) | 0 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.65 |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (EBSD) | - | - | 0.19 | - | 0.44 | 0.62 |
450 °C-1 s-1 (OM) | 0 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.37 | 0.51 |
Table 2 DRX fractions obtained from OM and EBSD under different strains at 450 °C and 0.01/1 s-1
X DRX | Local true strain | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.3 | 0.85 | 1.55 | 2.06 | 2.5 | |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (OM) | 0 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.65 |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (EBSD) | - | - | 0.19 | - | 0.44 | 0.62 |
450 °C-1 s-1 (OM) | 0 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.37 | 0.51 |
Conditions | Parameters of DRX model | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
ε c | ε* | K | m | |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (OM) | 0.368 | 1.101 | -?0.490 | 0.90 |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (EBSD) | 0.415 | 1.204 | -?0.512 | 0.92 |
450 °C-1 s-1 (OM) | 0.640 | 1.421 | -?0.498 | 0.91 |
Table 3 DRX model parameters obtained by fitting DRX fractions of OM and EBSD at 450 °C and 0.01/1 s-1
Conditions | Parameters of DRX model | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
ε c | ε* | K | m | |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (OM) | 0.368 | 1.101 | -?0.490 | 0.90 |
450 °C-0.01 s-1 (EBSD) | 0.415 | 1.204 | -?0.512 | 0.92 |
450 °C-1 s-1 (OM) | 0.640 | 1.421 | -?0.498 | 0.91 |
Fig. 11 Comparison between measured and predicted DRX fractions of: a various compression conditions at a local strain of 2.06 (nominal strain 0.8); b RUE without (dash lines) and with (solid line) considering non-uniform strain. The mean strain rate of RUE process is calculated through Eq. (6) in the Ref. [33]. More parameters of RUE process, such as plastic strain per pass, extrusion speed, are referred to the references [27]
Fig. 12 a Comparison between measured and predicted DRX fractions [Eqs. (9) and (10)] of 400 °C-0.01-1 s-1; b kinking angles of 14H-LPSO phase under different compression conditions (350-450 °C and 0.01-1 s-1). DRX fractions at N1-N4 were achieved by OM observation and their corresponding values of strain are determined by FEM
Fig. 13 a Relation between n and $\dot{\varepsilon }$ considering LPSO kinking and its validation by data of 400 °C, b predicted DRX fractions of RUE process by DRX model without and with LPSO kinking at 420 °C-0.108 s-1 [28]; c evolution of f values with different deformation temperatures and strain rates
Fig. 14 Evolution of DRX grain size with a deformation temperatures at 0.1 s-1; b strain rates at temperatures of 400 °C, 450 °C and 480 °C, c compression strains at 450 °C with strain rate being 0.01 s-1 and 1 s-1
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