Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2018, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 933-944.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-018-0742-4
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Tian-Rui Li1, Guo-Huai Liu1(), Mang Xu1, Tian-Liang Fu1, Yong Tian1, Ra-Ja Devesh Kumar Misra2, Zhao-Dong Wang1
Received:
2017-11-28
Revised:
2018-01-20
Online:
2018-09-10
Published:
2018-09-29
Tian-Rui Li, Guo-Huai Liu, Mang Xu, Tian-Liang Fu, Yong Tian, Ra-Ja Devesh Kumar Misra, Zhao-Dong Wang. Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Characteristics of Ti-46Al-8Nb Alloy[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(9): 933-944.
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Fig. 1 Macrostructure a and microstructure of $\alpha_{2} /\gamma$ lamellae b, γ phase at lamellar boundaries c and B2 phase in lamellar colony d in the as-cast Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy.
Fig. 2 True stress-strain curves at different strain rates obtained from the isothermal compression tests of Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy at: a 1100 °C, b 1150 °C, c 1200 °C, d 1250 °C.
Fig. 3 Relationship between peak stress and deformation conditions for the Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy: a $\ln \sigma_{\rm{p}}{-}\ln (\dot{\varepsilon })$, b $\sigma_{\rm{p}}{-}\ln (\dot{\varepsilon })$), c $\ln [\sinh (\alpha \sigma_{\rm{p}} )]{-}\ln (\dot{\varepsilon })$, d $1000/T{-}\ln \left[ {\sinh \left( {\alpha \sigma_{\rm{p}} } \right)} \right]$ .
Composition (at.%) | Initial microstructure | T (°C) | $\dot{\varepsilon }$ (s-1) | σp (MPa) | Q (kJ/mol) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W | Near γ, HIP | 1050-1200 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 140 | 414 |
Ti-47Al-1V | Nearly lamellar (IM) | 1000-1200 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 125 | 404 |
Ti-43.9Al-4.3Nb-(Mo, B) | Nearly lamellar, HIP | 1100-1250 | 1×100-1×10-2 | 60 | 540.3 |
Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.4W | Nearly lamellar (PM) | 1000-1200 | 1×10-1-1×10-3 | 160 | 420 |
Ti-46Al-8Nb [this work] | Nearly lamellar (IM) | 1100-1250 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 255 | 446.9 |
Table 1 Activation energy and peak stress of TiAl alloys during high-temperature compression deformation [11, 24, 25, 26]
Composition (at.%) | Initial microstructure | T (°C) | $\dot{\varepsilon }$ (s-1) | σp (MPa) | Q (kJ/mol) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W | Near γ, HIP | 1050-1200 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 140 | 414 |
Ti-47Al-1V | Nearly lamellar (IM) | 1000-1200 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 125 | 404 |
Ti-43.9Al-4.3Nb-(Mo, B) | Nearly lamellar, HIP | 1100-1250 | 1×100-1×10-2 | 60 | 540.3 |
Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.4W | Nearly lamellar (PM) | 1000-1200 | 1×10-1-1×10-3 | 160 | 420 |
Ti-46Al-8Nb [this work] | Nearly lamellar (IM) | 1100-1250 | 1×100-1×10-3 | 255 | 446.9 |
Fig. 5 Microstructures of hot-deformed Ti-46Al-8Nb alloys at different $\ln Z$ values: a $\ln Z = 36.85$ (1100 °C/0.1 s-1), b $\ln Z = 33.17$ (1150 °C/0.01 s-1), c $\ln Z = 31.89$ (1200 °C/0.01 s-1), d $\ln Z = 30.69$ (1250 °C/0.01 s-1) and the insertion shows the detailed view of the white box, e $\ln Z = 29.58$ (1200 °C/0.001 s-1), f $\ln Z = 28.39$ (1250 °C/0.001 s-1) .
Fig. 6 Microstructures of Al-segregated region in the hot-deformed Ti-48Al-8Nb alloy with the different Z values: a $\ln Z = 37.77$ (1150 °C/1 s-1) and the inset shows a detailed view of the white box, b $\ln Z = 35.47$ (1150 °C/0.1 s-1), c$\ln Z = 31.89$ (1200 °C/0.01 s-1), d $\ln Z = 29.58$ (1200 °C/0.001 s-1) .
Fig. 7 TEM micrographs of deformed γ phase in Al-segregated region. a γ sub-grains induced by dislocation movement, b mechanical twins in γ grains, c dislocations pileup at the boundaries and intersection of the twins in γ grains, d DRX γgrains induced by $1/6 < 11\bar{2}]${111} twins.
Fig. 8 Microstructures in Nb-rich region in hot-deformed Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy. a bending lamellar and elongated B2 phase, b deformation ribbon in Nb-enriched region and the inset shows detailed view of white box, c, d the bending lamellae and detailed microstructure.
Fig. 9 EBSD images of the evolution of bending lamellar colony of Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy. a Image quality (IQ) map, b phase map overlaid with high- and low-angle grain boundaries, c grain orientation spread (GOS) map, d inverse pole figure (IPF) map.
Fig. 10 Bright-field TEM images of the microstructures of hot-deformed Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy: a γ twins and growth of γ grains, b multiple-phase structure in the kink region, c retained lamellae, d recrystallized grains and sub-grain structure.
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