The Relationship Between Oxidation and Thermal Fatigue of Martensitic Hot-Work Die Steels

doi:10.1007/s40195-017-0699-8

Abstract

Abstract:

Thermal fatigue behaviors of two forged hot-work die steels subjected to cyclic heating (650 °C)-water quenching were investigated. A martensitic hot-work die steel containing 10% Cr (HHD), showing superior oxidation resistance and thermal fatigue resistance to the commercial martensitic hot-work die steel (Uddeholm DIEVAR^?), was developed. The maximal crack length in HHD was 35% shorter than that in DIEVAR after 2000 thermal cycles, and the hot yield strength at 650 °C of HHD was 14% lower than that of DIEVAR prior to thermal fatigue testing, which is 30% higher after 1500 cycles. It is found that cracks initiated and propagated along the oxide layers in the grain boundaries, suggesting that the oxidation-induced thermal fatigue cracks can significantly reduce the mechanical performance and service life for the hot-work die steel. High-temperature oxidation behavior is crucial for thermal fatigue crack formation, while high-temperature yield strength and ductility play a less important role.

Key words: High-temperature oxidation, Crack initiation and propagation, Strength and plasticity, Thermal fatigue resistance, Tool steel

Qi-Chuan Jiang, Xu-Min Zhao, Feng Qiu, Tian-Ning Ma, Qing-Long Zhao. The Relationship Between Oxidation and Thermal Fatigue of Martensitic Hot-Work Die Steels[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(7): 692-698.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Chemical composition (wt%) of the HHD and the DIEVAR steel

	Cr	C	Si	Mn	P	Mo	V
HHD	10.26	0.29	0.85	0.25	0.02	1.87	0.77
DIEVAR	4.91	0.37	0.07	0.37	0.01	2.24	0.46

Fig. 1 Oxidation and crack morphologies of two types of hot-work die steel after thermal fatigue 500 a, e, 1000 b, f, 1500 c, g 2000 d, h cycles: a-d HHD, e-h DIEVAR

Fig. 2 Maximal crack lengths for both HHD and DIEVAR steels after 500-2000 thermal cycles

Fig. 3 HHD steel and DIEVAR steel completed 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 thermal fatigue cycles; a maximal oxide length; b maximal oxide width; c number of oxide cracks; d matrix hardness; e yield strength; f tensile strength

Fig. 4 SEM (backscattered electron) images and EDS spectra of the oxide layer after 1000 cycles: a HHD; b DIEVAR

Fig. 5 SEM (back scattered electron) images and EDS spectra of the oxide cracks after 1000 cycles: a HHD; b DIEVAR

Fig. 6 SEM (back scattered electron) images of the oxide regions and cracks after 2000 cycles: a HHD; b DIEVAR

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