Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2017, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 164-175.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-016-0513-z
Special Issue: 2017腐蚀虚拟专辑; 2017年钢铁材料专辑
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Qing-He Zhao1,Wei Liu1(),Yi-Chun Zhu1,Bin-Li Zhang1,Shuan-Zhu Li1,Min-Xu Lu1
Received:
2016-07-08
Online:
2017-02-17
Published:
2017-02-17
Qing-He Zhao,Wei Liu,Yi-Chun Zhu,Bin-Li Zhang,Shuan-Zhu Li,Min-Xu Lu. Effect of Small Content of Chromium on Wet-Dry Acid Corrosion Behavior of Low Alloy Steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2017, 30(2): 164-175.
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Steel | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cu | Ni | Cr | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.10Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.05 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.10 | Bal. |
0.20Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.06 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Bal. |
0.50Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.04 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.50 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical compositions of tested steels (wt%)
Steel | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cu | Ni | Cr | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.10Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.05 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.10 | Bal. |
0.20Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.06 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Bal. |
0.50Cr | 0.08 | 0.24 | 1.04 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.50 | Bal. |
Fig. 3 Corrosion kinetics of the tested steels under wet-dry acid corrosion environment: a corrosion loss-corrosion time; b corrosion rate-corrosion time
Steel | Fitted kinetics | R2 |
---|---|---|
0.10Cr | CL = 0.0026 × CT0.859 | 0.964 |
0.20Cr | CL = 0.0030 × CT0.827 | 0.956 |
0.50Cr | CL = 0.0035 × CT0.777 | 0.960 |
Table 2 Fitted corrosion kinetics of tested steels in wet-dry acid corrosion environment
Steel | Fitted kinetics | R2 |
---|---|---|
0.10Cr | CL = 0.0026 × CT0.859 | 0.964 |
0.20Cr | CL = 0.0030 × CT0.827 | 0.956 |
0.50Cr | CL = 0.0035 × CT0.777 | 0.960 |
Fig. 4 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of the tested steels with increasing corrosion time: a bare steels; b 7 days; c 21 days; d 35 days; e 49 days; f 98 days
Steel | βa (mV/dec) | βc (mV/dec) | Rp (Ω cm2) | Ecorr (VSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bare | |||||
0.10Cr | 29.2 | 221.3 | 400.2 | -0.625 | 64.4 |
0.20Cr | 29.9 | 224.6 | 371.5 | -0.628 | 71.0 |
0.50Cr | 31.0 | 205.7 | 338.4 | -0.654 | 79.6 |
7 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 121.0 | 48.0 | 276.0 | -0.605 | 124.6 |
0.20Cr | 107.4 | 39.9 | 194.3 | -0.604 | 149.6 |
0.50Cr | 108.7 | 39.1 | 162.3 | -0.599 | 177.3 |
21 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 122.7 | 57.4 | 191.8 | -0.550 | 203.9 |
0.20Cr | 129.1 | 74.2 | 197.6 | -0.540 | 238.4 |
0.50Cr | 119.7 | 78.9 | 169.3 | -0.535 | 281.0 |
35 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 117.9 | 100.3 | 784.7 | -0.381 | 69.1 |
0.20Cr | 119.8 | 96.6 | 925.0 | -0.371 | 57.8 |
0.50Cr | 117.1 | 91.5 | 1057.3 | -0.365 | 48.6 |
49 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 103.2 | 103.2 | 2069.0 | -0.421 | 25.5 |
0.20Cr | 102.2 | 89.3 | 2330.5 | -0.401 | 20.3 |
0.50Cr | 104.6 | 90.0 | 2929.1 | -0.395 | 16.5 |
98 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 115.1 | 126.6 | 3293.2 | -0.374 | 18.3 |
0.20Cr | 116.0 | 129.4 | 4649.6 | -0.354 | 13.2 |
0.50Cr | 118.8 | 126.7 | 7086.5 | -0.340 | 8.7 |
Table 3 Fitted parameters of the linear polarization and potentiodynamic polarization curves of bare and rusted steels
Steel | βa (mV/dec) | βc (mV/dec) | Rp (Ω cm2) | Ecorr (VSCE) | icorr (μA/cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bare | |||||
0.10Cr | 29.2 | 221.3 | 400.2 | -0.625 | 64.4 |
0.20Cr | 29.9 | 224.6 | 371.5 | -0.628 | 71.0 |
0.50Cr | 31.0 | 205.7 | 338.4 | -0.654 | 79.6 |
7 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 121.0 | 48.0 | 276.0 | -0.605 | 124.6 |
0.20Cr | 107.4 | 39.9 | 194.3 | -0.604 | 149.6 |
0.50Cr | 108.7 | 39.1 | 162.3 | -0.599 | 177.3 |
21 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 122.7 | 57.4 | 191.8 | -0.550 | 203.9 |
0.20Cr | 129.1 | 74.2 | 197.6 | -0.540 | 238.4 |
0.50Cr | 119.7 | 78.9 | 169.3 | -0.535 | 281.0 |
35 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 117.9 | 100.3 | 784.7 | -0.381 | 69.1 |
0.20Cr | 119.8 | 96.6 | 925.0 | -0.371 | 57.8 |
0.50Cr | 117.1 | 91.5 | 1057.3 | -0.365 | 48.6 |
49 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 103.2 | 103.2 | 2069.0 | -0.421 | 25.5 |
0.20Cr | 102.2 | 89.3 | 2330.5 | -0.401 | 20.3 |
0.50Cr | 104.6 | 90.0 | 2929.1 | -0.395 | 16.5 |
98 days | |||||
0.10Cr | 115.1 | 126.6 | 3293.2 | -0.374 | 18.3 |
0.20Cr | 116.0 | 129.4 | 4649.6 | -0.354 | 13.2 |
0.50Cr | 118.8 | 126.7 | 7086.5 | -0.340 | 8.7 |
Steel | Rs (Ω cm2) | Qdl (F cm-2) | ndl | Rct (Ω cm2) | RL (Ω cm2) | L (H cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.10Cr | 1.2 | 2.88E-04 | 0.851 | 397.3 | 130.4 | 91.7 |
0.20Cr | 1.4 | 2.21E-04 | 0.869 | 369.1 | 83.7 | 56.9 |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 3.29E-08 | 0.796 | 336.6 | 93.2 | 43.5 |
Table 4 Fitted parameters of EIS plot for bare steels in acid electrolyte
Steel | Rs (Ω cm2) | Qdl (F cm-2) | ndl | Rct (Ω cm2) | RL (Ω cm2) | L (H cm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.10Cr | 1.2 | 2.88E-04 | 0.851 | 397.3 | 130.4 | 91.7 |
0.20Cr | 1.4 | 2.21E-04 | 0.869 | 369.1 | 83.7 | 56.9 |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 3.29E-08 | 0.796 | 336.6 | 93.2 | 43.5 |
Fig. 7 EIS plots of the rusted steels in 0.1 mol/L Na2SO4 solution with pH 3.0 and at temperature of 25 °C: a, b 7 days; c, d 21 days; e, f 35 days; g, h 49 days; i, j 98 days
Corrosion time | Steel | Rs (Ω cm2) | Qrust (F/cm2) | nrust | Rrust (Ω cm2) | Qdl (F/cm2) | ndl | Rct (Ω cm2) | W (Ω cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 days | 0.10Cr | 1.2 | 2.91E-7 | 0.897 | 30.8 | 2.45E-3 | 0.617 | 245.2 | 0.0059 |
0.20Cr | 1.4 | 9.72E-7 | 0.797 | 24.8 | 5.78E-3 | 0.479 | 169.5 | 0.0048 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 4.11E-7 | 0.846 | 26.8 | 6.28E-3 | 0.474 | 135.5 | 0.0049 | |
21 days | 0.10Cr | 1.3 | 2.13E-7 | 0.890 | 27.5 | 1.35E-2 | 0.284 | 164.3 | 0.0015 |
0.20Cr | 1.1 | 1.23E-7 | 0.920 | 42.7 | 9.62E-3 | 0.261 | 154.9 | 0.0023 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 7.88E-8 | 0.953 | 54.9 | 7.65E-3 | 0.218 | 114.4 | 0.0014 | |
35 days | 0.10Cr | 1.4 | 1.31E-8 | 0.974 | 248.1 | 2.59E-3 | 0.219 | 536.6 | 0.0045 |
0.20Cr | 1.1 | 9.52E-9 | 0.985 | 377.0 | 2.10E-3 | 0.121 | 548.0 | 0.0079 | |
0.50Cr | 1.2 | 9.15E-9 | 0.989 | 440.6 | 1.71E-3 | 0.118 | 616.7 | 0.0069 | |
49 days | 0.10Cr | 1.1 | 7.56E-9 | 0.974 | 854.5 | 2.34E-3 | 0.101 | 1214.5 | 0.0101 |
0.20Cr | 1.3 | 9.02E-9 | 0.961 | 1038.6 | 1.52E-3 | 0.104 | 1291.9 | 0.0132 | |
0.50Cr | 0.9 | 1.12E-8 | 0.962 | 1295.4 | 1.01E-3 | 0.149 | 1633.7 | 0.0224 | |
98 days | 0.10Cr | 0.9 | 9.80E-9 | 0.992 | 1188.0 | 5.87E-3 | 0.134 | 2105.2 | 0.0249 |
0.20Cr | 1.2 | 1.69E-8 | 0.963 | 1588.3 | 3.01E-3 | 0.192 | 3061.3 | 0.0356 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 2.56E-8 | 0.975 | 2171.4 | 1.36E-3 | 0.109 | 4915.1 | 0.0591 |
Table 5 Fitted parameters of EIS plots for rusted specimens at different corrosion time
Corrosion time | Steel | Rs (Ω cm2) | Qrust (F/cm2) | nrust | Rrust (Ω cm2) | Qdl (F/cm2) | ndl | Rct (Ω cm2) | W (Ω cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 days | 0.10Cr | 1.2 | 2.91E-7 | 0.897 | 30.8 | 2.45E-3 | 0.617 | 245.2 | 0.0059 |
0.20Cr | 1.4 | 9.72E-7 | 0.797 | 24.8 | 5.78E-3 | 0.479 | 169.5 | 0.0048 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 4.11E-7 | 0.846 | 26.8 | 6.28E-3 | 0.474 | 135.5 | 0.0049 | |
21 days | 0.10Cr | 1.3 | 2.13E-7 | 0.890 | 27.5 | 1.35E-2 | 0.284 | 164.3 | 0.0015 |
0.20Cr | 1.1 | 1.23E-7 | 0.920 | 42.7 | 9.62E-3 | 0.261 | 154.9 | 0.0023 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 7.88E-8 | 0.953 | 54.9 | 7.65E-3 | 0.218 | 114.4 | 0.0014 | |
35 days | 0.10Cr | 1.4 | 1.31E-8 | 0.974 | 248.1 | 2.59E-3 | 0.219 | 536.6 | 0.0045 |
0.20Cr | 1.1 | 9.52E-9 | 0.985 | 377.0 | 2.10E-3 | 0.121 | 548.0 | 0.0079 | |
0.50Cr | 1.2 | 9.15E-9 | 0.989 | 440.6 | 1.71E-3 | 0.118 | 616.7 | 0.0069 | |
49 days | 0.10Cr | 1.1 | 7.56E-9 | 0.974 | 854.5 | 2.34E-3 | 0.101 | 1214.5 | 0.0101 |
0.20Cr | 1.3 | 9.02E-9 | 0.961 | 1038.6 | 1.52E-3 | 0.104 | 1291.9 | 0.0132 | |
0.50Cr | 0.9 | 1.12E-8 | 0.962 | 1295.4 | 1.01E-3 | 0.149 | 1633.7 | 0.0224 | |
98 days | 0.10Cr | 0.9 | 9.80E-9 | 0.992 | 1188.0 | 5.87E-3 | 0.134 | 2105.2 | 0.0249 |
0.20Cr | 1.2 | 1.69E-8 | 0.963 | 1588.3 | 3.01E-3 | 0.192 | 3061.3 | 0.0356 | |
0.50Cr | 1.3 | 2.56E-8 | 0.975 | 2171.4 | 1.36E-3 | 0.109 | 4915.1 | 0.0591 |
Fig. 13 TEM morphologies and corresponding SAED patterns (insets) of the rust for 0.10Cr and 0.50Cr steel at the corrosion time of 98 days: a 0.10Cr α-FeOOH; b 0.50Cr α-FeOOH; c 0.10Cr amorphous phase; d 0.50Cr amorphous phase
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