Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) ›› 2015, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 394-404.DOI: 10.1007/s40195-015-0218-8
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles
M. Jay Chithra, M. Sathya, K. Pushpanathan()
Received:
2014-04-30
Revised:
2014-08-18
Online:
2015-01-23
Published:
2015-07-23
M. Jay Chithra, M. Sathya, K. Pushpanathan. Effect of pH on Crystal Size and Photoluminescence Property of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Chemical Precipitation Method[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2015, 28(3): 394-404.
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pH value | 2θ (101) (°) | FWHM (°) | D (nm) | d (nm) | a (nm) | c (nm) | V (nm3) | V (nm3) | S | ε (10-3) | L (Å) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 36.15 | 0.60 | 13.8 | 0.2821 | 0.3258 | 0.5218 | 1,377 | 0.144 | 5.3 | 1.03 | 1.8935 |
8 | 36.17 | 0.46 | 18.0 | 0.2822 | 0.3233 | 0.5260 | 3,055 | 0.142 | 3.1 | 1.49 | 1.8995 |
12 | 36.21 | 0.35 | 24.7 | 0.2818 | 0.3259 | 0.5218 | 7,893 | 0.144 | 1.6 | 1.41 | 1.8939 |
13 | 36.16 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.2823 | 0.3233 | 0.5260 | 18,822 | 0.143 | 9.2 | 0.99 | 1.8935 |
Table 1 Summary of the characteristics of the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at various pH values
pH value | 2θ (101) (°) | FWHM (°) | D (nm) | d (nm) | a (nm) | c (nm) | V (nm3) | V (nm3) | S | ε (10-3) | L (Å) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 36.15 | 0.60 | 13.8 | 0.2821 | 0.3258 | 0.5218 | 1,377 | 0.144 | 5.3 | 1.03 | 1.8935 |
8 | 36.17 | 0.46 | 18.0 | 0.2822 | 0.3233 | 0.5260 | 3,055 | 0.142 | 3.1 | 1.49 | 1.8995 |
12 | 36.21 | 0.35 | 24.7 | 0.2818 | 0.3259 | 0.5218 | 7,893 | 0.144 | 1.6 | 1.41 | 1.8939 |
13 | 36.16 | 0.25 | 33.0 | 0.2823 | 0.3233 | 0.5260 | 18,822 | 0.143 | 9.2 | 0.99 | 1.8935 |
pH value | Effective mass model | UV-Vis spectrum | Tauc’s relation |
---|---|---|---|
6 | 3.42 | 3.43 | 3.42 |
8 | 3.40 | 3.37 | 3.39 |
12 | 3.39 | 3.32 | 3.38 |
13 | 3.38 | 3.25 | 3.38 |
Table 2 Energy gap (in eV) measurements from different methods of the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at various pH values
pH value | Effective mass model | UV-Vis spectrum | Tauc’s relation |
---|---|---|---|
6 | 3.42 | 3.43 | 3.42 |
8 | 3.40 | 3.37 | 3.39 |
12 | 3.39 | 3.32 | 3.38 |
13 | 3.38 | 3.25 | 3.38 |
pH value | Zn K (wt%) | O K (wt%) |
---|---|---|
6 | 60.28 | 39.72 |
8 | 63.18 | 36.82 |
12 | 66.77 | 33.23 |
13 | 68.83 | 31.17 |
Table 3 Results of elemental analysis of the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at various pH values
pH value | Zn K (wt%) | O K (wt%) |
---|---|---|
6 | 60.28 | 39.72 |
8 | 63.18 | 36.82 |
12 | 66.77 | 33.23 |
13 | 68.83 | 31.17 |
Functional group | Wavenumber (cm-1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
pH 6 | pH 8 | pH 12 | pH 13 | |
O-H stretching of water | 3,290 | 3,397 | 3,401 | 3,420 |
C-H stretching vibration | - | - | - | 2,934 |
Existence of CO2 | 2,272 | 2,358 | - | 2,201 |
Carboxyl group | - | 1,707 | 1,704 | - |
C=O band | 1,585-1,509 | 1,573 | 1,646-1,542 | 1,633 |
Carboxylate group (COO-) | - | 1,495 | 1,425 | 1,465 |
Bending vibration of -CH2 | - | 1,383 | 1,372 | - |
O-H symmetric bending | 1,273 | 1,224 | 1,225 | - |
C-H in plane bending vibration | 1,112 | - | - | - |
Stretching vibration of C-O | 1,020 | 1,040 | - | 1,044 |
Bending mode of carbonate | 815 | 914 | 883 | 860 |
Stretching vibration of Zn-O | 596 | 566 | 482 | 582 |
Table 4 Peak assignments for the prepared ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at various pH values
Functional group | Wavenumber (cm-1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
pH 6 | pH 8 | pH 12 | pH 13 | |
O-H stretching of water | 3,290 | 3,397 | 3,401 | 3,420 |
C-H stretching vibration | - | - | - | 2,934 |
Existence of CO2 | 2,272 | 2,358 | - | 2,201 |
Carboxyl group | - | 1,707 | 1,704 | - |
C=O band | 1,585-1,509 | 1,573 | 1,646-1,542 | 1,633 |
Carboxylate group (COO-) | - | 1,495 | 1,425 | 1,465 |
Bending vibration of -CH2 | - | 1,383 | 1,372 | - |
O-H symmetric bending | 1,273 | 1,224 | 1,225 | - |
C-H in plane bending vibration | 1,112 | - | - | - |
Stretching vibration of C-O | 1,020 | 1,040 | - | 1,044 |
Bending mode of carbonate | 815 | 914 | 883 | 860 |
Stretching vibration of Zn-O | 596 | 566 | 482 | 582 |
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